Shloka 3

Agastya-Māhātmya and Vasiṣṭha’s Protection of the Ādityas

Khalina Daityas; Sarayū Etiology

Devanagari script

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्या भोज्या वै क्षत्रियस्य ह । वर्जनीयास्तु वै शूद्रा: सर्वभक्षा विकर्मिण:

Transliteration

brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyā bhojyā vai kṣatriyasya ha | varjanīyās tu vai śūdrāḥ sarvabhakṣā vikarmiṇaḥ ||

Translation

Bhīṣma berkata: “Bagi seorang kṣatriya, patut menerima makanan dari rumah brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, dan vaiśya. Namun makanan dari śūdra yang makan tanpa membedakan yang layak dan tidak layak, serta bertindak bertentangan dengan śāstra, harus dihindari olehnya juga.”

Word by Word

• {'brāhmaṇāḥ': 'Brahmins

• members of the priestly/teaching class', 'kṣatriyāḥ': 'Kshatriyas

• members of the ruling/warrior class', 'vaiśyāḥ': 'Vaishyas

• members of the agrarian/mercantile class', 'bhojyāḥ': 'fit to be eaten from

• acceptable as a source of food', 'kṣatriyasya': 'of a kshatriya', 'ha': 'indeed

• emphatic particle', 'varjanīyāḥ': 'to be avoided

• to be shunned', 'tu': 'but

• however', 'śūdrāḥ': 'Shudras

• members of the service class', 'sarvabhakṣāḥ': 'those who eat everything indiscriminately (without discrimination of permissible/impermissible)', 'vikarmiṇaḥ': 'doers of forbidden acts

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Brahmins
• Kshatriyas
• Vaishyas
• Shudras

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that a kṣatriya should be discerning about the source of food, accepting it from socially and ritually approved households, and avoiding food associated with indiscriminate eating and śāstra-violating conduct, since food is linked to purity and ethical discipline.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma. Here he gives a rule of conduct concerning from whom a kṣatriya may accept food, framing it as part of proper ācāra and adherence to śāstric norms.