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Shloka 32

Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption

ब॒हस्पतिर्वाच आसमज़मात्र: पुरुषस्तैर्भूतैरभि भूयते । विप्रयुक्तश्न तैर्भूते: पुनर्यात्यपरां गतिम्‌

Bṛhaspatir uvāca: āsamañjamātraḥ puruṣas tair bhūtair abhibhūyate | viprayuktaś ca tair bhūtaiḥ punar yāty aparāṃ gatim ||

Bṛhaspati bersabda: “Wahai Raja, seseorang yang penilaiannya hanya sedikit saja goyah akan dikuasai oleh unsur-unsur (bhūta) itu. Namun bila ia terlepas dari bhūta-bhūta tersebut, ia kembali mencapai jalan keberadaan yang lebih luhur.”

बृहस्पतिःBṛhaspati
बृहस्पतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबृहस्पति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
आसमञ्जमात्रःonly slightly/merely confused (to a small extent)
आसमञ्जमात्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआसमञ्ज-मात्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषःa man/person
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तैःby those
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
भूतैःby beings/elements
भूतैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
अभिभूयतेis overpowered
अभिभूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-भू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive
विप्रयुक्तःseparated/disjoined
विप्रयुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-प्र-युज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तैःby those
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
भूतैःby beings/elements
भूतैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
यातिgoes/attains
याति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अपराम्another/further
अपराम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गतिम्state/goal/going
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

युधिषछ्िर उवाच

B
Bṛhaspati
P
puruṣa
B
bhūta

Educational Q&A

Even a slight confusion in discernment allows lower elemental impulses (bhūtas) to overpower a person; freedom from those forces restores one’s ascent toward a higher state. The ethical emphasis is vigilance, restraint, and disentanglement from degrading tendencies.

In Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-setting, Bṛhaspati speaks as a teacher, explaining to the inquirer (contextually within Yudhiṣṭhira’s broader questioning) how embodied beings can be dominated by elemental forces and how separation from them leads to a better destiny.