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Shloka 23

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 67 — गान्धर्वविवाह-समयः

Duḥṣanta–Śakuntalā: Gandharva Marriage and Succession Condition

चित्रधर्मेति विख्यात: क्षितावासीत्‌ स पार्थिव: । हरस्त्वरिहरो वीर आसीद्‌ू यो दानवोत्तम:

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

citradharmeti vikhyātaḥ kṣitāv āsīt sa pārthivaḥ |

haras tv ariharo vīra āsīd yo dānavottamaḥ ||

Waiśampāyana berkata: “Di bumi ada seorang raja yang termasyhur dengan nama Citradharma. Dan Hara, pemimpin para Dānawa yang gagah—terkenal sebagai pembinas a musuh—terlahir di sini sebagai raja itu.”

चित्रधर्माChitradharma (name)
चित्रधर्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचित्रधर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus; as
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
विख्यातःrenowned; famous
विख्यातः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-ख्यात (ख्यात-धातु √ख्या, क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षितौon the earth
क्षितौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular
सःhe; that one
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थिवःking; ruler
पार्थिवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हरःHara (name)
हरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut; and
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अरिहराenemy-destroyer
अरिहरा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअरिहर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वीरःheroic; brave
वीरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दानवोत्तमःbest of the Danavas
दानवोत्तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदानवोत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
C
Citradharma (king)
H
Hara (dānava)
E
Earth (kṣiti)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores a Mahābhārata theme: worldly politics is intertwined with a larger moral-cosmic drama. When powerful asuric beings take human birth as kings, their strength can intensify rivalry and violence, making righteous governance (dharma) harder and more necessary.

Vaiśampāyana continues a catalog describing how various dānavas/asuras were born on earth as human rulers. Here he identifies the king named Citradharma as the earthly birth of the dānava Hara, famed for destroying enemies.