Shloka 12

अर्जुनस्य लक्ष्यवेधः

Arjuna’s Hitting of the Target at the Svayaṃvara

Devanagari script

तापयामास तॉल्लोकान्‌ सदेवासुरमानुषान्‌ । तपसोग्रेण महता नन्दयिष्यन्‌ पितामहान्‌

Transliteration

tāpayāmāsa tāl lokān sadevāsuramānuṣān | tapasogreṇa mahatā nandayiṣyan pitāmahān ||

Translation

Dengan maksud menggembirakan para leluhur, ia menjalani tapa yang amat dahsyat dan agung; oleh kekuatan tapa itu, semua dunia—beserta para dewa, asura, dan manusia—terbakar kepanasan.

Word by Word

• तापयामास: heated, scorched (made to suffer heat)
• तापयामास: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: तप् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परस्मैपद), 3, singular

• तान्: those
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• लोकान्: worlds/realms
• लोकान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• स: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/निपात; सह-अर्थे)

• देव: with gods
• देव: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural

• असुर: with asuras
• असुर: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: असुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural

• मानुषान्: humans/men
• मानुषान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: neuter, instrumental, singular

• उग्रेण: fierce, intense
• उग्रेण: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: neuter, instrumental, singular

• महता: great
• महता: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: neuter, instrumental, singular

• नन्दयिष्यन्: intending to gladden/please
• नन्दयिष्यन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: नन्दय् (णिजन्त; नन्द् धातु)
• Form: शतृ (भविष्यत्काल-परक; periphrastic future sense), masculine, nominative, singular

• पितामहान्: forefathers/ancestors (lit. grandfathers)
• पितामहान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

Speaker

वसिष्ठ उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vasiṣṭha
• lokāḥ (the worlds/realms)
• deva (gods)
• asura (asuras)
• mānuṣa (humans)
• pitāmahāḥ (forefathers/ancestors)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Austerity (tapas) has real potency and must be guided by dharma: even when motivated by filial piety toward ancestors, unchecked intensity can disturb the worlds, implying the ethical need for restraint and right intention.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Vasiṣṭha’s narration, a figure performs extremely fierce tapas to please his forefathers, and the force of that austerity becomes so intense that it 'heats' or 'scorches' all the realms, affecting gods, asuras, and humans alike.