Shloka 4

कल्माषपाद-शाप-कारणम्

Cause of Kalmāṣapāda’s Niyoga under a Curse

Devanagari script

बभूव सो<स्य सचिव: सम्प्रदीप्त इवाग्निना । त्वरया चोपसंगम्य स्नेहादागतसम्भ्रम:

Transliteration

babhūva so ’sya sacivaḥ sampradīpta ivāgninā | tvarayā copasaṅgamya snehād āgata-sambhramaḥ ||

Translation

Menterinya seakan tersulut api. Ia segera bergegas mendekat; karena kasih, hatinya dikuasai kegelisahan, sebab ia melihat raja pemanah agung itu terjatuh di bumi—laksana panji Indra yang tinggi yang pada waktunya diturunkan.

Word by Word

• बभूव: became/was
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्षभूत/परफेक्ट), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अस्य: of him
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• सचिवः: minister/counsellor
• सचिवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सचिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सम्प्रदीप्तः: blazing, inflamed
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-प्र-दीप् (धातु) → सम्प्रदीप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• इव: as if/like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• अग्निना: with/by fire
• अग्निना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• त्वरया: with haste
• त्वरया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वरा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• उपसंगम्य: having approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-सम्-गम् (धातु) → उपसंगम्य (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वा (अव्ययभाव/gerund), कर्तरि

• स्नेहात्: from affection/out of love
• स्नेहात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्नेह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन

• आगतसम्भ्रमः: one whose agitation has arisen
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आगतसम्भ्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

गन्धर्व उवाच

Characters & Entities

• गन्धर्व (Gandharva, speaker)
• सचिव (minister/counsellor)
• महाराज (king)
• इन्द्रध्वज (Indra’s banner/standard)
• पृथ्वी (earth)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the dharmic ideal of loyal service: a minister’s duty is not merely administrative but deeply protective and compassionate, responding swiftly and selflessly when the king is in distress.

What is happening in the narrative?

A great king has fallen to the ground; seeing this, his minister is overwhelmed with alarm—likened to being on fire—and immediately rushes to him, his agitation arising from affection.