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Shloka 48

Droṇa’s Ācārya-Dakṣiṇā: Capture of Drupada and Division of Pāñcāla (द्रोण-आचार्यदक्षिणा)

ततो दुर्योधनस्तत्र हृदयेन हसन्निव | कृतकृत्यमिवात्मानं मन्यते पुरुषाधम:

tato duryodhanas tatra hṛdayena hasann iva | kṛtakṛtyam ivātmānaṃ manyate puruṣādhamaḥ ||

Maka saat itu Duryodhana, seakan tertawa dalam hatinya—si manusia paling hina—menganggap dirinya telah mencapai maksudnya. Batinnya setajam mata pisau, namun ucapannya di luar begitu manis seolah meneteskan amerta. Ia pun, laksana saudara kandung dan sahabat yang beritikad baik, sendiri menyuguhkan kepada Bhimasena aneka hidangan. Bhimasena tidak mengenal cela dalam santapan; maka apa pun yang disajikan Duryodhana, semuanya ia habiskan. Melihat itu, Duryodhana yang rendah budi merasa puas dalam hati dan mengira rencananya telah berhasil.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
हृदयेनwith (his) heart; inwardly
हृदयेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहृदय
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
हसन्laughing
हसन्:
TypeVerb
Rootहस्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
कृतकृत्यम्one who has accomplished his purpose
कृतकृत्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतकृत्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आत्मानम्himself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मन्यतेthinks, considers
मन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormLat (Present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular
पुरुषाधमःthe vilest of men
पुरुषाधमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषाधम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

The verse condemns inner malice concealed beneath outward propriety: a person may appear courteous, yet if the heart delights in harming others, that hidden intention marks ethical baseness (adharma).

Vaiśampāyana describes Duryodhana’s inner state at that moment: he secretly laughs to himself and feels his plan has succeeded, revealing his deceitful satisfaction despite any outward show of friendliness.