Adhyaya 40: Kali-yuga Lakshana, Yuga-sandhyamsha, and the Re-emergence of Dharma
निन्दन्ति वेदविद्यां च द्विजाः कर्माणि वै कलौ कलौ देवो महादेवः शङ्करो नीललोहितः
nindanti vedavidyāṃ ca dvijāḥ karmāṇi vai kalau kalau devo mahādevaḥ śaṅkaro nīlalohitaḥ
Pada zaman Kali, kaum dwija mencela pengetahuan Weda dan upacara yang ditetapkan. Namun di Kali, Dewa itu sendiri adalah Mahādewa—Śaṅkara, Sang Biru-Merah; Dialah Pati bagi jiwa terikat (paśu) dan perlindungan yang pasti saat dharma merosot.
Suta Goswami
It frames Kali-yuga as a time when Vedic learning and rites are neglected, so devotion to Mahadeva—commonly centered on Linga-puja—becomes the direct and reliable means to approach the Pati beyond failing social religiosity.
Shiva is presented as Mahadeva and Shankara, the ever-present Lord in Kali who remains the supreme Pati: unchanged by the yuga’s decline, capable of granting grace that loosens pāśa (bondage) upon the paśu (soul).
The verse implicitly redirects practice from mere external karma to Shiva-centered upāsanā—especially Linga worship and Pashupata-oriented surrender to Mahadeva as the principal discipline in Kali-yuga.