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Shloka 15

Īśvara-gītā: Brahman as All-Pervading—Kāla, Prakṛti–Puruṣa, Tattva-Evolution, and Mokṣa

तेनाविवेकतस्तस्मात् संसारः पुरुषस्य तु / स चाविवेकः प्रकृतौ सङ्गात् कालेन सो ऽभवत्

tenāvivekatastasmāt saṃsāraḥ puruṣasya tu / sa cāvivekaḥ prakṛtau saṅgāt kālena so 'bhavat

Karena aviveka itulah saṃsāra menimpa puruṣa. Dan aviveka itu, seiring waktu, timbul dari pergaulan dengan Prakṛti.

tenabecause of that/thereby
tena:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
avivekataḥdue to non-discrimination
avivekataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaviveka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb) ‘-तः’ = “from/due to”; अर्थे कारण (cause)
tasmātfrom that/thence
tasmāt:
Apadana (अपादान/Source)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
saṃsāraḥcycle of transmigration
saṃsāraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃsāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
puruṣasyaof the person
puruṣasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषणार्थक निपात (adversative/emphatic particle)
saḥthat (non-discrimination)
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
avivekaḥnon-discrimination
avivekaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootaviveka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
prakṛtauin/with Prakṛti (nature)
prakṛtau:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootprakṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
saṅgātfrom attachment/due to association
saṅgāt:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
kālenaby time/in course of time
kālena:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
saḥit/that
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
abhavatarose/became
abhavat:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (भू धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Lord Kūrma (Vishnu) instructing (in a Sāṅkhya-Yoga frame aligned with Shaiva-Vaishnava synthesis)

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

K
Kūrma
P
Puruṣa
P
Prakṛti
K
Kāla
S
Saṃsāra
A
Aviveka

FAQs

It distinguishes the puruṣa (the conscious self) from Prakṛti, implying that bondage is not intrinsic to the Self but arises from aviveka—failure to discern the Self as distinct from nature and its modifications.

The verse foregrounds viveka (discriminative knowledge) and vairāgya (dispassion) as core Yogic remedies: by reducing prakṛti-saṅga (attachment to nature) through disciplined practice, one reverses the time-born habit of non-discrimination that sustains saṃsāra.

While not naming Śiva directly, the teaching matches the shared Shaiva-Vaishnava soteriology of the Kurma Purana: liberation comes through discriminative insight and detachment from Prakṛti—principles central to both Pāśupata-oriented discipline and Vaiṣṇava Yogic instruction.