Shloka 21

Śrāddha-vidhi for Pitṛs: Invitations, Purity, Offerings, and Conduct

Devanagari script

तैलमभ्यञ्जनं स्नानं स्नानीयं च पृथग्विधम् / पात्रैरौदुम्बरैर्दद्याद् वैश्वदैवत्यपूर्वकम्

Transliteration

tailamabhyañjanaṃ snānaṃ snānīyaṃ ca pṛthagvidham / pātrairaudumbarairdadyād vaiśvadaivatyapūrvakam

Translation

Hendaknya ia memberikan minyak untuk pengurapan, mandi itu sendiri, serta berbagai perlengkapan mandi secara terpisah; dan mempersembahkannya dalam bejana dari kayu udumbara, didahului oleh upacara Vaiśvadeva.

Word by Word

• तैलम्: oil
• तैलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तैल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• अभ्यञ्जनम्: anointing (with oil)
• अभ्यञ्जनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभ्यञ्जन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• स्नानम्: bath
• स्नानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्नान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• स्नानीयम्: bathing-water / what is to be used for bathing
• स्नानीयम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्नानीय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय/योग्य (fit for bathing)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• पृथक्-विधम्: of different kinds, separately arranged
• पृथक्-विधम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पृथक् (अव्यय) + विध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying the items)

• पात्रैः: with vessels
• पात्रैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन

• औदुम्बरैः: made of udumbara wood
• औदुम्बरैः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: औदुम्बर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying पात्रैः)

• दद्याद्: should give/offer
• दद्याद्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• वैश्वदैवत्य-पूर्वकम्: beginning with the Vaiśvadeva offering
• वैश्वदैवत्य-पूर्वकम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वैश्वदैवत्य (प्रातिपदिक) + पूर्वक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (implicit: वैश्वदैवत्येन पूर्वकम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणभावे (adverbially qualifying दद्याद्)

Speaker

Traditional narration (Purāṇic instruction conveyed through the sages’ discourse; framed within Kurma Purana’s dharma-teachings)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśvadeva
• Udumbara

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it teaches that inner purity is supported by disciplined outer purification and offerings; such ordered dharma prepares the mind for Self-knowledge (ātma-jñāna) emphasized elsewhere in the Kurma Purana’s integrated Shaiva–Vaishnava teaching.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

Not a meditation technique directly, but a preparatory limb: bodily purification (snāna) and devotional offering (Vaiśvadeva) cultivate sattva, steadiness, and ritual mindfulness—supportive foundations for the Kurma Purana’s broader Yoga-shastra and Pāśupata-oriented discipline.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Through Vaiśvadeva it points to worship of the ‘universal deities’ rather than a narrow sectarian focus, aligning with the Kurma Purana’s synthetic vision where devotion and purity rites harmonize across Shaiva–Vaishnava frameworks.