Shloka 93

Daily Duties of Brāhmaṇas: Snāna, Sandhyā, Sūrya-hṛdaya, Japa, Tarpaṇa, and the Pañca-mahāyajñas

Devanagari script

न विष्ण्वाराधनात् पुण्यं विद्यते कर्म वैदिकम् / तस्मादनादिमध्यान्तं नित्यमाराधयेद्धरिम्

Transliteration

na viṣṇvārādhanāt puṇyaṃ vidyate karma vaidikam / tasmādanādimadhyāntaṃ nityamārādhayeddharim

Translation

Tiada suatu karma Weda yang menghasilkan pahala setara dengan pemujaan kepada Viṣṇu. Karena itu, hendaknya senantiasa memuja Hari, Dia yang tanpa awal, tengah, maupun akhir.

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation)

• विष्णु-आराधनात्: from (the act of) worship of Viṣṇu
• विष्णु-आराधनात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक) + आराधन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative: ‘worship of Viṣṇu’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (ablative/अपादान), एकवचन

• पुण्यम्: merit
• पुण्यम्: Kriyā (विधेय/प्रत्ययार्थ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; अत्र प्रथमा (predicate-noun)

• विद्यते: exists/is found
• विद्यते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• कर्म: act/ritual action
• कर्म: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; कर्तृपद (subject)

• वैदिकम्: Vedic
• वैदिकम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वैदिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषण कर्म

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: हेतौ/तस्मात्-प्रयोगः (indeclinable in sense ‘therefore/from that reason’)

• अनादि-मध्य-अन्तम्: (him who is) without beginning, middle, and end
• अनादि-मध्य-अन्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनादि (प्रातिपदिक) + मध्य (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (copulative: beginningless, middle, end); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; विशेषण हरिम्

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाववत्)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb: always)

• आराधयेत्: should worship
• आराधयेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-राध् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• हरिम्: Hari (Viṣṇu)
• हरिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Kūrma (Viṣṇu) instructing in the Iśvara-gītā stream

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Hari

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

By describing Hari as “without beginning, middle, or end,” the verse points to an eternal, unconditioned Supreme Reality—beyond temporal sequence—worthy of constant contemplation and worship.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse prioritizes continuous ārādhana (steady devotion and remembrance) over merely episodic ritual acts, aligning with the Purāṇic Yoga emphasis on nitya-smaraṇa, single-pointed worship, and inner dedication that supports Pāśupata-style discipline.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

While explicitly praising Viṣṇu, it uses the universal-theological language of the Iśvara-gītā current—presenting the Supreme as timeless and all-encompassing—supporting the Kurma Purāṇa’s broader Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis where sectarian forms converge in one Iśvara.