Shloka 101

Daily Duties of Brāhmaṇas: Snāna, Sandhyā, Sūrya-hṛdaya, Japa, Tarpaṇa, and the Pañca-mahāyajñas

Devanagari script

अथावलोकयेदर्कं हंसः सुचिषदित्यृचा / कुर्यात् पञ्च महायज्ञान् गृहं गत्वा समाहितः

Transliteration

athāvalokayedarkaṃ haṃsaḥ suciṣadityṛcā / kuryāt pañca mahāyajñān gṛhaṃ gatvā samāhitaḥ

Translation

Kemudian dengan batin yang mantap ia memandang Surya dan melantunkan ṛcā Āditya yang bermula “Haṃsaḥ, suciṣad…”. Sesudah itu, pulang ke rumah, ia melaksanakan lima mahāyajña dengan tertib.

Word by Word

• अथ: then/now
• अथ: सम्बन्ध/प्रकरणसूचक (Discourse marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (sequence/then)

• अवलोकयेत्: should look at/observe
• अवलोकयेत्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अवलोक् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg)

• अर्कम्: the sun
• अर्कम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• हंसः: the (Hamsa) practitioner / swan
• हंसः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हंस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन

• सुचिषा: with the pure (hymn/verse)
• सुचिषा: करण (Karana/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन; विशेषणरूपेण (as qualifier)

• आदित्य-ऋचा: with a Rig-verse to Aditya
• आदित्य-ऋचा: करण (Karana/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य (प्रातिपदिक) + ऋच्/ऋचा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative): आदित्यस्य ऋचा

• कुर्यात्: should perform
• कुर्यात्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्च (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्याशब्दः; द्वितीया-बहुवचनार्थे विशेषणम् (qualifying an acc. plural noun)

• महायज्ञान्: great sacrifices (mahāyajñas)
• महायज्ञान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महायज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः: महान्तः यज्ञाः

• गृहम्: to the house/home
• गृहम्: गन्तव्य/कर्म (Goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; गत्यर्थे (as goal)

• गत्वा: having gone
• गत्वा: पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund); पूर्वक्रिया (prior action)

• समाहितः: composed/collected (in mind)
• समाहितः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समाहित (प्रातिपदिक; कृ धातोः क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण (past participle used adjectivally)

Speaker

Sūta (narrating the dharma-teaching as received in the Kurma Purana tradition)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Āditya (Sun)
• Haṃsa (mantric epithet)
• Pañca-mahāyajña

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

By invoking “Haṃsa” while contemplating the Sun, the verse hints at the inner Self as the luminous witness—approached through disciplined remembrance (smaraṇa) and steadiness (samāhita).

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

A brief contemplative act—steady gazing/meditation on Āditya with mantra/ṛk-recitation—followed by karmayoga in the form of the pañca-mahāyajñas, integrating concentration with obligatory sacred duties.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

It presents a synthesis typical of the Kurma Purana: devotion and mantra-discipline (often emphasized in Shaiva-Pashupata contexts) are harmonized with Vedic rites and dharma, a shared ground for Shiva-Vishnu unity in practice.