Kali-yuga Doṣas, the Supremacy of Rudra as Refuge, and the Closure of the Manvantara Teaching
कपर्दिनं कालमूर्तिममूर्ति परमेश्वरम् / एकमूर्ति महामूर्ति वेदवेद्यं दिवस्पतिम्
kapardinaṃ kālamūrtimamūrti parameśvaram / ekamūrti mahāmūrti vedavedyaṃ divaspatim
Aku menyembah Kapardin, yang berambut gimbal: wujud Kala namun melampaui wujud, Parameśvara; satu rupa sekaligus Mahārūpa; dikenal melalui Weda, Penguasa surga (Divaspati).
A devotee/narratorial voice offering a stotra within the Purva-bhaga’s Śaiva-oriented praise (contextually aligned with the Kurma Purana’s Shiva–Vishnu synthesis)
Primary Rasa: adbhuta
Secondary Rasa: shanta
It presents Parameśvara as simultaneously embodied (kāla-mūrti, mahā-mūrti) and beyond embodiment (amūrti), pointing to a non-dual reality that can appear with attributes while remaining ultimately transcendent.
The verse supports contemplative Yoga through upāsanā on the Lord’s dual aspect—formless and cosmic-form—guiding meditation from a concrete symbol (Time/Lord of heaven) toward the attributeless Absolute, a key movement in Purāṇic yogic theology.
By describing the Supreme as both the One and the Cosmic Form, it aligns with the Kurma Purana’s synthesis where sectarian names (Śiva/Vişṇu) can function as titles of the same Parameśvara, approached through Vedic revelation and yogic contemplation.