Shloka 23

Babhruvāhana Meets a Preta: Vṛṣotsarga, Heirless Death, and the Signs of Preta-Affliction

पप्रच्छ तञ्च को ऽसीति कुतो वा विकृतिं गतः / प्रेत उवाच / प्रेतभावो मया त्यक्तो गतिं प्राप्तो ऽरम्यहं पराम्

papraccha tañca ko 'sīti kuto vā vikṛtiṃ gataḥ / preta uvāca / pretabhāvo mayā tyakto gatiṃ prāpto 'ramyahaṃ parām

Sang raja bertanya, “Siapakah engkau, dan dari mana engkau datang hingga mencapai keadaan yang berubah ini?” Preta menjawab, “Aku telah menanggalkan keadaan sebagai preta; aku telah meraih jalan yang lebih luhur dan amat indah.”

पप्रच्छasked
पप्रच्छ:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपदम्
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
and
:
Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)
कःwho
कः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम (interrogative pronoun)
असिare
असि:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपदम्
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (Quotation marker/इति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; वाक्यसमाप्ति/उद्धरणसूचक (quotative particle)
कुतःfrom where
कुतः:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्नवाचक (whence/from where)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Disjunction/विकल्प)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (or)
विकृतिम्deformity/altered state
विकृतिम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविकृति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
गतःgone/attained
गतः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootगत (कृदन्त; गम्-धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past active sense participle); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
प्रेतःthe ghost
प्रेतः:
Karta (Speaker/वक्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपदम्
प्रेतभावःthe state of being a ghost
प्रेतभावः:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेत (प्रातिपदिक) + भाव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: प्रेतस्य भावः); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
मयाby me
मया:
Karta (Agent/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-प्रयोग; तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
त्यक्तःabandoned
त्यक्तः:
Kriya (Participial predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootत्यक्त (कृदन्त; त्यज्-धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
गतिम्a course/destination
गतिम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
प्राप्तःattained
प्राप्तः:
Kriya (Participial predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्राप्त (कृदन्त; प्र+आप्-धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past active sense); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
अरम्यunpleasant/not delightful
अरम्य:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअरम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); ‘गतिम्’ इति विशेषणम्
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-प्रयोग; प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
पराम्supreme/other
पराम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); ‘गतिम्’ इति विशेषणम्

Preta (departed soul), in dialogue after being questioned

Afterlife Stage: Svarga

Concept: Transformation of post-mortem condition: release from preta-bhava and attainment of a superior gati through meritorious causes (rites, dharma, devotion).

Vedantic Theme: gati-bheda by karma and upasana; movement from bondage to higher state; possibility of uplift through sattvic means.

Application: Support the departed through proper rites and remembrance of Vishnu; for oneself, pursue dharma and bhakti to secure higher gati.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: dialogue site on a journey

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: mechanisms of release from preta-state via shraddha/pinda and Vishnu-oriented merit (contextual)

P
Preta

FAQs

This verse treats preta-bhāva as a temporary post-death condition that can be “given up,” after which the soul attains a better gati; it highlights why post-death rites and dharmic support are emphasized to help the departed move onward.

It depicts a transition: the being is first recognized as altered (vikṛtiṃ gataḥ) in the preta condition, and then speaks of progressing beyond it to a higher, pleasant destination (parā gati).

Live ethically and support proper ancestral/post-death observances with sincerity; the verse frames the after-death journey as a movement toward a higher state when impediments like preta-bhāva are resolved.