Shloka 133

Multi-form Manifestations, Indra–Kāma Incarnations, Pravāha, and the Twofold Buddhi

Sense-Discipline and Exclusive Refuge in Viṣṇu

Devanagari script

संतिष्ठंमाने यमदूतैश्च सम्यक् संताड्यमाने तप्तदण्डैश्च मूढ / दन्तं विहायैव च विघ्नराजः पलायितः कुत्र मे तं वदत्वम्

Transliteration

saṃtiṣṭhaṃmāne yamadūtaiśca samyak saṃtāḍyamāne taptadaṇḍaiśca mūḍha / dantaṃ vihāyaiva ca vighnarājaḥ palāyitaḥ kutra me taṃ vadatvam

Translation

Ketika si dungu itu ditahan kuat oleh para utusan Yama dan dipukuli habis-habisan dengan tongkat yang dipanaskan, Vighnarāja segera melarikan diri sambil meninggalkan giginya—katakan, di manakah dia sekarang?

Word by Word

• saṃtiṣṭhamāne: while (he) is standing
• saṃtiṣṭhamāne: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: saṃ-sthā (संस्था धातु) + śānac (शानच्)
• Form: Present middle participle (वर्तमान-कृदन्त, आत्मनेपद), Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana; locative absolute

• yamadūtaiḥ: by Yama's messengers
• yamadūtaiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yama-dūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय निपात)

• samyak: properly
• samyak: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: samyak (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• saṃtāḍyamāne: while being beaten
• saṃtāḍyamāne: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-tāḍ (संताड् धातु) + śānac (शानच्)
• Form: Present passive participle (वर्तमान-कृदन्त, कर्मणि), Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana; locative absolute

• tapta-daṇḍaiḥ: with heated rods
• tapta-daṇḍaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapta (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त) + daṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; karmadhāraya: taptāḥ daṇḍāḥ

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय निपात)

• mūḍha: O fool
• mūḍha: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mūḍha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana (vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana

• dantam: the tooth/tusk
• dantam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: danta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana

• vihāya: having abandoned
• vihāya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-hā (विहा धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), indeclinable

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avadhāraṇa-nipāta (अवधारण निपात)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samucchaya-nipāta (समुच्चय निपात)

• vighna-rājaḥ: Vighnarāja (Gaṇeśa)
• vighna-rājaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vighna-rāja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: vighnānāṃ rājā

• palāyitaḥ: has fled
• palāyitaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: palāy (पलाय् धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kta past participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• kutra: where
• kutra: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kutra (अव्यय)
• Form: Interrogative adverb (प्रश्न-अव्यय)

• me: to me
• me: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (अस्मद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ṣaṣṭhī (6th/षष्ठी) or Dative enclitic usage; Ekavacana; here: 'to me/for me' (dative sense)

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana

• vada: tell
• vada: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vad (वद् धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (लोट्, imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd), Ekavacana, Parasmaipada

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (युष्मद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana

Speaker

Garuda (Vinata-putra), questioning within the Vishnu–Garuda dialogue

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: When pāpa ripens, external ‘obstacle-lord’ protections may not stand; karmic consequence manifests as restraint and punishment.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-niyati (moral causality) operating inexorably; superficial religiosity cannot override inner ethical deficit.

Application: Do not rely on token worship as insurance; align conduct with dharma to avoid fear-driven consequences later.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Geographic Context

Type: liminal road/threshold

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: Yamadūta punishments with rods/torments (general motif); Garuda Purana: critiques of hollow ritual without dharma (contextual)

Characters & Entities

• Yama
• Yamadutas
• Vighnaraja

FAQs

What is the importance of Yamadutas in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights Yamadutas as enforcers of karmic justice—restraining and punishing wrongdoers in Yama’s domain according to their deeds.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

It depicts the post-death punitive phase in Yama’s realm, where certain beings are seized and disciplined by Yamadutas, indicating that moral actions directly shape afterlife experiences.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Live with restraint and dharma—avoid actions that create heavy karmic debt, since the text frames unethical conduct as leading to fear, loss, and suffering after death.