Shloka 21

Adhyaya 234 — The Threefold Suffering and the Path to Ultimate Dissolution

Devanagari script

अज्ञानतमसा छन्नो मूढान्तःकरणो नरः न जानाति कुतः को ऽहं कुत्र गन्ता किमात्मकः //

Translation

Teks Sanskerta asli untuk śloka ini tidak diberikan; karena itu terjemahan yang tepat tidak dapat dibuat.

Word by Word

• ajñāna-tamasā: by the darkness of ignorance
• ajñāna-tamasā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ajñāna (प्रातिपदिक) + tamas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुषः: ajñānasya tamaḥ

• channaḥ: covered
• channaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √chad (छद्) (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/कर्मणि), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with naraḥ

• mūḍha-antaḥ-karaṇaḥ: one whose inner organ is deluded
• mūḍha-antaḥ-karaṇaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mūḍha (प्रातिपदिक) + antaḥkaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारयः: mūḍham antaḥkaraṇam yasya/ yathā

• naraḥ: a man
• naraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेधक अव्यय)

• jānāti: knows
• jānāti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √jñā (ज्ञा) (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• kutaḥ: from where/why
• kutaḥ: Hetu/Prashna (हेतु/प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kutaḥ (अव्यय/प्रश्न)
• Form: Interrogative adverb (प्रश्नवाचक अव्यय)

• kaḥ: who
• kaḥ: Prashna-karta (प्रश्नकर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुषार्थ), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• kutra: where
• kutra: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kutra (अव्यय)
• Form: Interrogative adverb (प्रश्नवाचक अव्यय)

• gantā: (am) going / a goer
• gantā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: √gam (गम्) (धातु)
• Form: Agent noun/participle (तृच्/कर्तरि), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• kim-ātmakaḥ: of what nature
• kim-ātmakaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम) + ātmaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुषः: kasya svarūpaḥ? (kim-ātmakaḥ = of what nature)

Speaker

• Not specified in the provided excerpt (didactic voice describing the condition of the ignorant).