Agni Purana — Vyavahara, Shloka 21
अभिघाते तथा भेदे च्छेदे बुद्ध्यावपातने पणान्दाप्यः पञ्चदशविंशतिं तत्त्रयन्तथा
abhighāte tathā bhede cchede buddhyāvapātane paṇāndāpyaḥ pañcadaśaviṃśatiṃ tattrayantathā
Untuk penyerangan, perusakan (pemecahan), pemotongan atau mutilasi, serta menyebabkan hilangnya daya pikir atau kesadaran, dikenakan denda lima belas sampai dua puluh paṇa; dan pada tingkat yang lebih berat, tiga kali lipatnya pula.
Lord Agni (instructional narration in Agni Purana’s rajadharma/vyavahara section)
Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Dharmashastra","secondary_vidya":"Arthashastra","practical_application":"Setting graded monetary penalties for categories of bodily harm and damage—assault, breach/breakage, mutilation, and impairment of intellect/sense—plus enhanced (triple) fines for aggravated cases.","sutra_style":true}
Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"List","entry_title":"Fines for assault, damage, mutilation, and impairment (15–20 paṇas; triple for higher grade)","lookup_keywords":["abhighata","bheda","chheda","buddhi-ava-patana","pana-danda"],"quick_summary":"Specific harms carry a standard fine range (15–20 paṇas), with a higher-grade assessment reaching three times the base, enabling proportional punishment for severity."}
Concept: Proportionality in danda: similar categories of harm share a base range, with multipliers for aggravation.
Application: Use a tiered schedule: classify harm type, assign base fine band, then apply multiplier for aggravated intent/repetition/status factors.
Khanda Section: Rajadharma & Vyavahara (Danda-niti / Legal Penalties and Fines)
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: raudra
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A judge illustrates four harm categories with symbolic vignettes: assault, property breakage, cutting/mutilation, and head injury causing confusion; coin amounts shown as 15–20 and '×3' for aggravated cases.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, four-panel narrative within one frame, each panel showing a harm type, central judge with palm-leaf text, bold outlines and earthy palette.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore, segmented composition with gold borders around four vignettes, central coin stacks labeled 15–20 and triple, ornate court setting.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore style, diagrammatic court illustration with labeled categories (abhighata/bheda/chheda/buddhi), clean visuals for instructional use.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, sequential scenes around a central court, fine detailing of gestures and expressions, marginal annotations indicating fine ranges and multiplier."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"didactic","suggested_raga":"Kharaharapriya","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: च्छेदे = छेदे (पूर्वपदात् ‘च्’ आगमः); बुद्ध्यावपातने = बुद्ध्या + अवपातने; पणान्दाप्यः = पणान् + दाप्यः; पञ्चदशविंशतिम् = पञ्चदश-विशिंतिम् (संख्या-समाहार/विकल्पार्थे पाठ).
Related Themes: Agni Purana 257 (danda gradations)
FAQs
It teaches danda-niti (penal jurisprudence): specific graded monetary fines (in paṇas) for assault, property damage, mutilation, and causing mental/sensory impairment.
Beyond theology, the Agni Purana codifies practical statecraft and legal procedure, including quantified fines—showing its coverage of civil governance alongside ritual and spiritual topics.
By prescribing proportionate penalties, it frames justice as dharmic order: wrongdoing is restrained and socially repaired, reducing adharma and its karmic fallout for both individuals and the kingdom.