HomeAgni PuranaKoshaAdhyaya 360Shloka 32
Previous Verse
Next Verse

Agni Purana — Kosha, Shloka 32

Chapter 360 — अव्ययवर्गाः

Groups of Indeclinables

संवद्वर्षे ऽवरे त्वर्वागामेवं स्वयमात्मना अल्पे नीचैर् महत्युच्चैः प्रायोभूम्न्य् अद्रुते शनैः

saṃvadvarṣe 'vare tvarvāgāmevaṃ svayamātmanā alpe nīcair mahatyuccaiḥ prāyobhūmny adrute śanaiḥ

Dalam siklus tahun, fase yang lebih rendah datang lebih dahulu lalu maju demikian menurut kodratnya sendiri. Bila ukurannya kecil ia bergerak rendah, dan bila besar ia naik tinggi; umumnya ia bergerak di atas bumi perlahan, tanpa perubahan mendadak.

saṃvat-varṣein the year
saṃvat-varṣe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaṃvat (प्रातिपदिक) + varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; अर्थे—'संवत्सरे/वर्षे' (in the year)
avarein the lower/earlier (context)
avare:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootavara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे सप्तमी एकवचनम् (Locative singular); विशेषणम्—'अवरे' (in the lower/earlier)
tubut
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्ययम्; निपातः/विरोधार्थकः (particle: but)
arvākthis side / nearer / below
arvāk:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootarvāk (अव्यय)
Formअव्ययम्; दिशावाचक-अव्ययम् (adverb: this side/nearer/below)
āmaraw/uncooked (state)
āma:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्; (raw/uncooked state)
evaṃthus
evaṃ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevaṃ (अव्यय)
Formअव्ययम्; प्रकारवाचकः (adverb: thus)
svayamoneself
svayam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
Formअव्ययम्; स्वार्थे (indeclinable: oneself)
ātmanāby oneself / with the self
ātmanā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे तृतीया एकवचनम् (Instrumental singular)
alpein a small degree
alpe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootalpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी एकवचनम् (Locative singular); विशेषणम्—'अल्पे' (in small amount/degree)
nīcaiḥlow / downwards
nīcaiḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnīcaiḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्ययम्; क्रियाविशेषणम् (adverb: lowly/down)
mahatiin great degree
mahati:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी एकवचनम् (Locative singular); विशेषणम्—'महति' (in great degree)
uccaiḥhigh / loudly
uccaiḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootuccaiḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्ययम्; क्रियाविशेषणम् (adverb: high/loudly)
prāyaḥmostly
prāyaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootprāyaḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्ययम्; प्रायशब्दः (adverb: mostly/usually)
bhūmniin abundance / in largeness
bhūmni:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे सप्तमी एकवचनम् (Locative singular); 'भूमानि/भूमान्'—बहुत्व/प्रचुरता (abundance)
adrutenot swiftly
adrute:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-druta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे सप्तमी एकवचनम् (Locative singular); नञ्-समास/उपपद-निषेधः—'अद्रुते' (not quickly)
śanaiḥslowly
śanaiḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootśanaiḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्ययम्; क्रियाविशेषणम् (adverb: slowly)

Lord Agni (in dialogue-format instruction to the sage Vasiṣṭha, typical of Agni Purāṇa’s didactic chapters)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Jyotisha","secondary_vidya":"Cosmology","practical_application":"Understanding gradual annual/seasonal variation in celestial motion for calendrics (kāla-nirṇaya), predicting apparent north–south shift and altitude changes used in ritual timing and agricultural planning.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Description","entry_title":"Gradual annual progression of celestial measure (low when small, high when great)","lookup_keywords":["saṃvatsara","kāla-nirṇaya","ucchaiḥ-nīcaiḥ","śanaiḥ gati","krama-vṛddhi"],"quick_summary":"The verse characterizes yearly motion as naturally gradual: when the measure is small it stays low, when great it rises high, moving slowly without abrupt jumps—useful for practical calendric reckoning."}

Concept: Nature’s processes proceed by krama (gradual progression) rather than sudden discontinuity.

Application: Adopt incremental observation and correction in time-reckoning; avoid forcing abrupt adjustments against observed regularity.

Khanda Section: Jyotisha / Kala-nirṇaya (Astronomical time-reckoning and calendrics)

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A schematic sky-dome over the earth showing a celestial body’s path gradually rising higher when its measure increases and dipping lower when it decreases, marked across the yearly cycle.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala temple mural style, deep mineral colors, circular mandala-like sky over Bhū-devī, a luminous graha moving on a smooth arc that rises and falls across seasons, annotated with Sanskrit labels ucchaiḥ and nīcaiḥ, traditional ornamental borders.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting with gold leaf highlights, stylized earth and zodiac band, a graha on a golden arc rising high and dipping low, rich reds and greens, temple-like framing, small Devanagari captions for saṃvatsara and śanaiḥ.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting style, clean linework and soft shading, instructional diagram aesthetic: earth at center, yearly arc paths in two heights, small callouts for alpam/nīcaiḥ and mahat/ucchaiḥ, minimal background.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, fine detailing and pastel sky, astronomer-sage pointing to a chart showing a smooth rising and falling trajectory over months, delicate borders, Persianate palette but with Sanskrit marginal notes."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"contemplative","suggested_raga":"Bhairav","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: संवद्वर्षे = saṃvat-varṣe (अव्ययीभाव). ऽवरे = avare. त्वर्वागामेवं = tu + arvāk + āma + evaṃ (पदच्छेदः अनुमानितः). प्रायोभूम्न्य् = prāyaḥ + bhūmni. अद्रुते = a-drute (नञ्).

Related Themes: Agni Purana 360 (Jyotiṣa/kāla-nirṇaya section)

A
Agni Purana
S
Saṃvatsara (year)
B
Bhūmi (earth)

FAQs

It conveys Jyotiṣa-style time/astronomy reasoning: celestial or temporal measures vary by phase—small measures correspond to a ‘lower’ course and larger measures to a ‘higher’ course—characterized as gradual, non-abrupt motion.

By treating calendrics and observational astronomy (yearly cycles, relative ‘low/high’ courses, gradual motion), the text extends beyond mythology into technical knowledge used for calendars, seasonal rites, and timing of rituals.

Accurate understanding of time-cycles supports correct ritual timing (kāla-śuddhi), which traditional dharma literature treats as essential for the efficacy and merit (puṇya) of rites performed in harmony with cosmic order.