Mandukya Upanishad: Verse 2
सर्वं ह्येतद् ब्रह्मायमात्मा ब्रह्म सोऽयमात्मा चतुष्पात् ॥२॥
सर्वम् । हि । एतत् । ब्रह्म । अयम् । आत्मा । ब्रह्म । सः । अयम् । आत्मा । चतुष्पात् ॥
sarvaṃ hy etad brahma ayam ātmā brahma so ’yam ātmā catuṣpāt ||2||
यह सब ब्रह्मन है। तुम्हारा आत्मा भी ब्रह्मन है। लेकिन इस आत्मा के चार हिस्से हैं।
For all this indeed is Brahman. This Self is Brahman. This very Self has four quarters (four ‘feet’).
- so ’yam = saḥ + ayam (visarga → o, avagraha)
- catuṣpāt = catuṣ + pāt (from catuṣpād, nominative singular)
About this Verse
- Central concept
- Ātman–Brahman identity; four pādas (quarters) culminating in turīya
- The mahavakyas
- Directly expresses the mahāvākya ‘ayam ātmā brahma’ (Māṇḍūkya’s signature great saying).
- Veda
- Atharva
- Shakha
- Atharva-veda (Śaunaka tradition; commonly transmitted as part of the Atharva corpus)
- Chandas
- Prose
Yoga and practice
Framework for nididhyāsana: examine the ‘I’ across waking, dream, deep sleep, and recognize the ever-present witness (turīya); supports self-inquiry (ātma-vicāra) and contemplative discrimination (viveka) between states and the state-transcendent.
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