Ganapati Upanishad 1 - Verse 1

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Ganapati Upanishad: Verse 1

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ॐ नमस्ते गणपतये । त्वमेव प्रत्यक्षं तत्त्वमसि । त्वमेव केवलं कर्तासि । त्वमेव केवलं धर्तासि । त्वमेव केवलं हर्तासि । त्वमेव सर्वं खल्विदं ब्रह्मासि । त्वं साक्षादात्मासि नित्यम् । ऋतं वच्मि । सत्यं वच्मि ॥१–३॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

ॐ । नमः ते । गणपतये । त्वम् एव । प्रत्यक्षम् । तत्त्वम् असि । त्वम् एव । केवलम् । कर्ता असि । त्वम् एव । केवलम् । धर्ता असि । त्वम् एव । केवलम् । हर्ता असि । त्वम् एव । सर्वम् । खलु । इदम् । ब्रह्म असि । त्वम् । साक्षात् । आत्मा असि । नित्यम् । ऋतम् । वच्मि । सत्यम् । वच्मि ।

Recitation with translationGanapati Upanishad 1

IAST Transliteration

oṃ namaste gaṇapataye | tvam eva pratyakṣaṃ tattvam asi | tvam eva kevalaṃ kartāsi | tvam eva kevalaṃ dhartāsi | tvam eva kevalaṃ hartāsi | tvam eva sarvaṃ khalvidaṃ brahmāsi | tvaṃ sākṣād ātmāsi nityam | ṛtaṃ vacmi | satyaṃ vacmi ||1–3||

Translation

ॐ, गणपति को प्रणाम। तुम ही सच में सामने खड़े हो। तुम ही सब काम करते हो। तुम ही सब संभाल के रखते हो। तुम ही सब ले जाते हो। तुम ही यह सब हो, ब्रह्मा। तुम खुद आत्मा हो, हमेशा से। मैं सही बात बोल रहा हूँ। मैं सच बोल रहा हूँ।

Academic Translation

Om. Salutation to you, O Gaṇapati. You alone are the directly manifest Reality. You alone are solely the agent (doer). You alone are solely the supporter (sustainer). You alone are solely the remover (withdrawer). You alone are indeed all this—Brahman. You are the Self, directly (immediately), eternally. I speak ṛta (cosmic order/right). I speak satya (truth).

Word by Word

oṃOm

namassalutation

teto you

gaṇapatayeto Gaṇapati

tvamyou

evaindeed/alone

pratyakṣamdirectly perceptible

tattvamthe reality/principle

asiare

tvamyou

evaindeed/alone

kevalamonly/solely

kartādoer/agent

asiare

tvamyou

evaindeed/alone

kevalamonly/solely

dhartāsustainer/supporter

asiare

tvamyou

evaindeed/alone

kevalamonly/solely

hartāremover/withdrawer

asiare

tvamyou

evaindeed/alone

sarvamall

khaluindeed/truly

idamthis (universe)

brahmaBrahman

asiare

tvamyou

sākṣātdirectly

ātmāSelf

asiare

nityameternally

ṛtamṛta (cosmic truth)

vacmiI speak

satyamtruth

vacmiI speak

Sandhi Notes

namaste = namas + te
tattvamasi = tattvam + asi
kartāsi/dhartāsi/hartāsi/brahmāsi/ātmāsi = kartā/dhartā/hartā/brahma/ātmā + asi
khalvidaṃ = khalu + idam
sākṣādātmāsi = sākṣāt + ātmā + asi

Verse Context

Brahman–Ātman identity; īśvara as pratyakṣa-tattva; satya/ṛta as dharmic truthfulnessMahavakya: Explicitly echoes the Mahāvākya ‘tat tvam asi’ (Chāndogya) by addressing Gaṇapati as ‘tattvam asi’; also resonates with ‘ahaṃ brahmāsmi’/‘sarvaṃ khalvidaṃ brahma’ themes (Bṛhadāraṇyaka/Chāndogya).AtharvaAtharvaṇa (Gaṇapati Upaniṣad; commonly transmitted within Atharva-veda upaniṣadic corpus; specific śākhā not firmly attested) ShakhaChandas: Prose (gadya)

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