Rig Veda 8.45.37: Mandala 8, Sukta 45, Mantra 37
Sukta 8.45
Devata: Indra (as sakhā/friend-hero)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
को नु मर्या अमिथितः सखा सखायमब्रवीत् । जहा को अस्मदीषते ॥
Transliteration
kó nu maryā́ amíthitaḥ sakhā́ sakhā́yam abravīt | jahā́ kó asmád ī́ṣate ||
Translation
एक दोस्त ने अपने दोस्त से कहा, छोड़ दे उसे। कौन है जो हमें तकलीफ देना चाहता है? दोस्ती निभाने वाला यह बात बोलता है।
Word by Word
कःwho?
कः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्-प्रातिपदिक) / कः (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नुnow/indeed (emphatic particle)
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (निपात)
मर्याःyoung men, suitors, youths
मर्याः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
अमिथितःunerring, not mistaken
अमिथितः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) / कर्तृसम्बन्धी
TypeAdjective (past participle)
Rootमिथ् (धातु, ‘to err/stray/act falsely’) → अमिथित (कृदन्त, निष्ठा/भूतकृदन्त)
सखाa friend
सखा:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
सखायम्(his) friend (as object)
सखायम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
अब्रवीत्said, spoke
अब्रवीत्:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु, ‘to speak’)
जहाleave! abandon!
जहा:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootहा (धातु, ‘to leave/abandon’)
कःwho?
कः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्-प्रातिपदिक) / कः (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मदीषतेseeks us / strives for us
अस्मदीषते:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootईष् (धातु, ‘to seek/strive/desire’) + अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अस्मद्-ईषते (द्विगु/तत्पुरुष-समासवत्: ‘us-seeking’)
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