Rig Veda 8.45.25: Mandala 8, Sukta 45, Mantra 25
Sukta 8.45
Rishi: Unknown/Not specified in provided input (confirm via Anukramaṇī).
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Not specified in provided input.
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
या वृत्रहा परावति सना नवा च चुच्युवे । ता संसत्सु प्र वोचत ॥
Transliteration
yā́ vṛtra-hā parāváti sanā́ návā ca cucyuvé | tā́ saṃsát-su prá vocata ||
Translation
इंद्र ने वृत्र को मारा, जो दुश्मन था। यह बात बहुत पुरानी है लेकिन आज भी नयी लगती है। लोगों की सभा में इसकी बात करो और बताओ कि इंद्र क्या कर सकता है।
Word by Word
याshe who / which (fem.)
या:
Kartā (relative subject) / viśeṣaṇa of implied devatā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika ‘ya-’)
वृत्रहाVṛtra-slayer
वृत्रहा:
Kartā (as epithet of the subject) / viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन् (prātipadika; kṛdanta from √हन् ‘to slay’ with object ‘वृत्र’)
परावतिin the far distance / in a far region
परावति:
Adhikaraṇa (location)
TypeNoun
Rootपरावत् (prātipadika) → loc. sg. ‘परावति’
सनाfrom of old, long ago
सना:
(kriyā-viśeṣaṇa) adverbial modifier
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसन (avyaya) / ‘sanā’ (Vedic indeclinable)
नवाnew(ly), anew
नवा:
(kriyā-viśeṣaṇa) adverbial ‘anew’
TypeAdjective
Rootनव (prātipadika)
चand
च:
samuccaya (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (avyaya)
चुच्युवेhas moved / has advanced / has set forth
चुच्युवे:
Kriyā (main verb of relative clause)
TypeVerb
Root√च्यु (to move, fall, slip) — reduplicated perfect
ताthose (fem.), them
ता:
Karma (object of ‘वोचत’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika ‘ta-’)
संसत्सुin the assemblies / in the sessions
संसत्सु:
Adhikaraṇa (location: ‘in the assemblies’)
TypeNoun
Rootसंसद् (prātipadika) ‘assembly, session’
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
(kriyā-viśeṣaṇa) preverb to ‘वोचत’
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga/avyaya)
वोचतspeak (you all), proclaim
वोचत:
Kriyā (injunction to the addressed)
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (to speak) — injunctive/aorist imperative-type form
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