Rig Veda 10.52.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 52, Mantra 3
Sukta 10.52
Rishi: Agni/Hotṛ voice in reflective mode
Devata: Agni (as havya-vāha), with Yama as invoked mystery-term
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अयं यो होता किरु स यमस्य कमप्यूहे यत्समञ्जन्ति देवाः । अहरहर्जायते मासिमास्यथा देवा दधिरे हव्यवाहम् ॥
Transliteration
ayáṃ yó hotā́ kíru sá yámasya kám apy ū́he yát sam-añjánti devā́ḥ | áhar-ahar jā́yate mā́si-māsi áthā devā́ dadhire havya-vā́ham ||
Translation
यह पूजा करने वाला कौन है? मैं सोचता हूँ यम की बात। देवता उसको तैयार करते हैं। वो रोज़ पैदा होता है, महीने-महीने भी। देवता ने उसे भेंट पहुँचाने वाला बनाया है।
Word by Word
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
होताthe Hotṛ-priest (invoker)
होता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक; √हु ‘to sacrifice/offer’ से)
किरुःactive/skillful (Vedic epithet)
किरुः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootकिरु (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक विशेषण/नाम)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
यमस्यof Yama
यमस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक)
कम्whom? / someone
कम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootक (प्रश्न/अनिर्दिष्ट-सर्वनाम)
अपिalso, even
अपि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
ऊहेhe considers/infers
ऊहे:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√ऊह् (ऊहते) ‘to infer/ponder/contrive’
यत्that which / when
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable/Relative
Rootयद् (सम्बन्ध-प्रातिपदिक)
समञ्जन्तिthey prepare/fit together
समञ्जन्ति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√अञ्ज् (अञ्जति) ‘to anoint, fit, prepare’ + सम्
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अहर्-अहःday after day
अहर्-अहः:
Adhikaraṇa (time)
TypeIndeclinable (reduplicated adverbial) / Noun-compound
Rootअहन्/अहर् (प्रातिपदिक)
जायतेis born/arises
जायते:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (जायते) ‘to be born, arise’
मासिin (each) month
मासि:
Adhikaraṇa (time)
TypeNoun
Rootमास (प्रातिपदिक)
मासिin (each) month
मासि:
Adhikaraṇa (time)
TypeNoun
Rootमास (प्रातिपदिक)
अथाthen, thus
अथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
दधिरेthey have placed/established
दधिरे:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√धा (दधाते/दधिरे) ‘to place, establish’
हव्यवाहम्the oblation-carrier (Agni)
हव्यवाहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootहव्य-वाह (समास; हव्य ‘oblation’ + √वह् ‘to carry’)
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