Rig Veda 1.64.14: Mandala 1, Sukta 64, Mantra 14
Sukta 1.64
- Rishi
- Gautama Rāhūgaṇa
- Devata
- Maruts
- Chandas
- Triṣṭubh
- Rasa
- Vira (heroism)
चर्कृत्यं मरुतः पृत्सु दुष्टरं द्युमन्तं शुष्मं मघवत्सु धत्तन । धनस्पृतमुक्थ्यं विश्वचर्षणिं तोकं पुष्येम तनयं शतं हिमाः ॥
carkṛ́tyaṃ marutaḥ pṛtsú dúṣṭaraṃ dyumántaṃ śúṣmaṃ maghávatsu dhattana | dhanaspŕ̥tam ukthyàṃ viśvácarṣaṇiṃ tókaṃ puṣyema tánayaṃ śatáṃ hímāḥ ||
हे मरुत लोग, देने वाले लोगों में एक चमक डाल दो जो लड़ाई में जीतना मुश्किल हो। एक ऐसी ताकत जो चमकती हो और धन लाती हो। हम अपनी वंशा को पालना चाहते हैं, अपने बच्चों को। सौ साल तक हमारी लाइन चले।
Word by Word
- चर्कृत्यम्
- well-made, firmly fashionedAdjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्म (धत्तन इति क्रियायाः)Root चर्कृत्य (प्रातिपदिक; √कृ ‘करोति’ से कृत्य-निर्माण/कृदन्ताधार)
- मरुतः
- O MarutsNounपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, बहुवचनRole सम्बोधनRoot मरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
- पृत्सु
- in battlesNounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचनRole अधिकरणRoot पृत्/पृत्स् (प्रातिपदिक ‘battle, contest’)
- दुष्टरम्
- hard to overcomeAdjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्म (धत्तन इति)Root दुष्टर (दुर्- + √तॄ/तॄ ‘तरति’ से; ‘hard to overcome’)
- द्युमन्तम्
- radiantAdjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्मRoot द्युमन्त् (प्रातिपदिक ‘splendid, radiant’)
- शुष्मम्
- strength, mightNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्मRoot शुष्म (प्रातिपदिक ‘might, vigor’)
- मघवत्सु
- among the bountiful (patrons)Nounपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचनRole अधिकरणRoot मघवत् (प्रातिपदिक ‘bountiful, wealthy; patrons’)
- धत्तन
- place, bestowVerbलोट् (आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपदRole क्रियाRoot √धा (दधाति)
- धनस्पृतम्
- wealth-winningAdjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्म (पुष्येम इति)Root धनस्पृत् (धन + √स्पृश्/स्पृ ‘to touch/attain’; प्रातिपदिक ‘winning wealth’)
- उक्थ्यम्
- praiseworthyAdjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्मRoot उक्थ्य (उक्थ ‘hymn’ से; ‘worthy of hymn/praise’)
- विश्वचर्षणिम्
- belonging to/for all peoplesAdjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्मRoot विश्व-चर्षणि (समास; चर्षणि ‘men/peoples’)
- तोकम्
- offspringNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्म (पुष्येम)Root तोक (प्रातिपदिक ‘offspring, child’)
- पुष्येम
- may we nourish, may we prosperVerbविधिलिङ्/आशीर्लिङ् (इच्छा/प्रार्थना), उत्तमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपदRole क्रियाRoot √पुष् (पुष्यति)
- तनयम्
- progeny, sonNounपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्मRoot तनय (प्रातिपदिक ‘son, progeny’)
- शतम्
- a hundredAdjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (संख्याविशेषणरूपेण)Role कर्म-विशेषणRoot शत (संख्यावाचक प्रातिपदिक)
- हिमाः
- winters, yearsNounपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचनRole कर्म (आयुषः परिमाण/काल-व्याप्ति)Root हिम (प्रातिपदिक ‘winter; year/season’—RV में ‘years’ अर्थे)
Sandhi Notes
- पदच्छेद (Vedic sandhi resolution): चर्कृत्यम् | मरुतः | पृत्सु | दुष्टरम् | द्युमन्तम् | शुष्मम् | मघवत्सु | धत्तन || धनस्पृतम् | उक्थ्यम् | विश्वचर्षणिम् | तोकम् | पुष्येम | तनयम् | शतम् | हिमाः । (धत्तन = √धा लोट् 2pl; पुष्येम = √पुष् विधिलिङ् 1pl)
The meaning
Outer meaning
Maruts, place among the generous a luminous might, hard to overcome in battles; establish shining force. May we foster the treasure-winning, hymn-worthy power that supports all peoples; may we nurture child and offspring for a hundred winters.
Inner meaning
The ‘battles’ (pṛtsu) are inner conflicts against resistance and confusion. The Maruts are asked to set in the ‘givers’ (maghavatsu—those capable of offering, i.e., awakened parts of us) a dyumant śuṣma: luminous intensity and irresistible force. ‘Treasure-winning’ (dhanaspṛt) is the power that breaks open hidden wealth of consciousness; ‘hymn-worthy’ (ukthya) indicates it responds to mantra and aspiration. ‘All-supporting’ (viśvacarṣaṇi) becomes a universalized strength in the being. The ‘child/seed’ (toka/tanaya) is the inner lineage—new births of consciousness and enduring formations of the soul’s work—preserved through long time (śataṃ himāḥ).
Universal truth
Lasting spiritual progress requires an invincible luminous energy established in the parts of us that can give and grow. The true ‘lineage’ is continuity of awakened consciousness across time.
Themes
Victory in conflict, Establishment of luminous energy, Continuity/lineage, Universal beneficence
The seer
- Rishi
- Gautama Rāhūgaṇa
- Lineage
- Gautama
- Other hymns
- RV 1.64.12-15
Family tradition
Gautama vision emphasizes establishing luminous force (dyu/śuṣma) and ensuring continuity of the inner work across time (hundred winters).
Significance
He frames spiritual life as a heroic battle requiring not mere enthusiasm but an installed, durable power in the generous parts of the being.
The deity
- Devata
- Maruts
- Epithets
- dyumantaṃ śuṣmam dadhat (establishers of luminous force), dhanaspṛt (treasure-winning powers, by effect)
- Related deities
- Indra, Agni, Sarasvatī (as flowing inspiration, by function)
Cosmic role
Warrior-storm powers who aid victory and release of riches; supporters of the sacrificer’s prosperity and protection.
Inner power
They implant an irresistible luminous intensity in the vital and mental, enabling conquest of inner obstacles and the birth of new consciousness.
In ritual
Where it is used
Marut praise for victory and prosperity; used when seeking strength in contests and securing continuity of household/community prosperity.
च॒र्कृत्यं॑ मरुतः पृ॒त्सु दु॒ष्टरं॑ द्यु॒मन्तं॒ शुष्मं॑ म॒घव॑त्सु धत्तन । ध॒न॒स्पृत॑मु॒क्थ्यं॑ वि॒श्वच॑र्षणिं तो॒कं पु॑ष्येम॒ तन॑यं श॒तं हिमा॑: ॥
च॒र्कृत्य॑म् । म॒रु॒तः॒ । पृ॒त्ऽसु । दु॒स्तर॑म् । द्यु॒ऽमन्त॑म् । शुष्म॑म् । म॒घव॑त्ऽसु । ध॒त्त॒न॒ । ध॒न॒ऽस्पृत॑म् । उ॒क्थ्य॑म् । वि॒श्वऽच॑र्षणिम् । तो॒कम् । पु॒ष्ये॒म॒ । तन॑यम् । श॒तम् । हिमाः॑ ॥
carkṛtyam | marutaḥ | pṛt-su | dustaram | dyu-mantam | śuṣmam | maghavat-su | dhattana | dhana-spṛtam | ukthyam | viśva-carṣaṇim | tokam | puṣyema | tanayam | śatam | himāḥ
44
4×11 (approx.)
Martial and declarative; strong caesura supports ‘setting’ and ‘establishing’.
Invokes firmness and endurance; suitable for building inner ‘armor’ of light.
- पृत्सु (pṛtsu)
- Literal: in battles. Symbolic: inner struggles with ignorance and desire
- दुष्टरम् (duṣṭaram)
- Literal: hard to cross/overcome. Symbolic: invincible spiritual force against resistance
- द्यु मन्तम् (dyu-mantam)
- Literal: luminous, shining. Symbolic: illumined energy, light-filled power
- शुष्मम् (śuṣmam)
- Literal: force, might, fiery energy. Symbolic: intensity of awakened prāṇa under higher guidance
- मघवत्सु (maghavatsu)
- Literal: among the bountiful/givers. Symbolic: parts of the being capable of offering and generosity
- धनस्पृतम् (dhanaspṛtam)
- Literal: treasure-winning. Symbolic: power that opens hidden inner riches (light, joy, capacities)
- उक्थ्यम् (ukthyam)
- Literal: to be praised in hymns. Symbolic: responsive to mantra—mantric potency in the nature
- विश्वचर्षणिम् (viśvacarṣaṇim)
- Literal: belonging to all peoples. Symbolic: universalizing consciousness, support for all parts
- तोकं / तनयम् (tokam/tanayam)
- Literal: child/offspring. Symbolic: new formations of awakened consciousness; inner progeny
- शतं हिमाः (śataṃ himāḥ)
- Literal: a hundred winters. Symbolic: long endurance; stable continuity through cycles
Petition for martial/spiritual victory (pṛtsu) and for sustained prosperity (toká/tánaya) of the sacrificer’s line; in inner reading, continuity of realized consciousness over time.
In contexts of protective and victory-invocations; also for long-term welfare blessings.
Stuti with intention to ‘place’ (dhattana) force in the sacrificer’s domain.
Chant when facing sustained challenges (health, discipline, long projects): to establish durable luminous energy and continuity.
śuṣma- ‘impetuous strength’ (possibly from √śvas/√śuṣ ‘to swell/strengthen’, Vedic nuance: dynamic force) supports ‘intensity’. dhana-spṛt- from dhana ‘wealth’ + √spṛ ‘to win/attain, reach’ → ‘treasure-winning’, re-read as attainment of inner riches. ukthya- from uktha ‘hymn’ → ‘praiseworthy/fit for invocation’, i.e., power consonant with mantra (true speech).
endurance through cycles, true speech (uktha) as power, unconquerable force in ṛta
The ‘hard-to-overcome’ force is meant for battles on the side of ṛta, not egoic conquest.
Dyumant force implies truth-lit energy rather than blind power.
Birth and preservation of inner progeny—new states of being sustained through time.
Integral Yoga resonance: transformation must be stable and transmissible within the nature.
winter (hima) as symbol of cycles/endurance
Storm-battle = inner conflict; winter cycles = long tapas and perseverance preserving the ‘seed’.
- What is the primary Vedic 'mythologem' present in this verse?
- The divine war-band granting unconquerable battle-force and enduring lineage. Mythically: Maruts empower the ‘maghavans’ for victory. Psychologically: establish luminous śuṣma in the seeker so inner conflicts are crossed, and the ‘offspring’ of realization is sustained across time.
- How does the linguistic structure reflect Proto-Indo-European roots?
- The ‘battle + hard-to-cross’ formula (pṛt + dus-tara) parallels inherited heroic diction: contests framed as crossings. The ‘hundred winters’ time-counting is a well-attested Indo-European poetic idiom for lifespan/continuity.
- What is the relationship between the Rishi and the Devata here?
- The rishi asks the Maruts to ‘place’ (dhattana) a specific quality—luminous, unconquerable intensity—into the human field (‘among the maghavans’). In return, the human side commits to ‘nourish’ (puṣyema) the granted power into lasting formation (toká/tánaya).
Install ‘dyumant śuṣma’—light-filled intensity—in the chest and navel; then visualize it supporting new inner births (toka/tanaya).
Manipura (intensity) stabilized by Anahata (generosity/maghavat)
Bhastrikā-lite (gentle bellows) 20–30 strokes, then quiet sitting with mantra remembrance (only if suitable for practitioner).
Heroic steadiness; luminous endurance.
In difficulty, do not merely ‘push’; ask for luminous force that is straight and true. Then nurture small new awakenings daily—protect the ‘child’ of consciousness through seasons.
Observe udatta on imperative dhattana and key power-words (dyumantam, śuṣmam) per tradition; keep cadence strong on pāda endings.
Strike the imperatives clearly (dhattana); let the blessing phrases (puṣyema...) soften slightly without losing firmness.
: articulate carkṛtyam with clear kṛ (vocalic ṛ), : retroflex ṣ, : keep ‘ṣm’ cluster clean, : viśva-carṣaṇim, retroflex ṇ, : long āḥ at end
Resonant, steady, ‘martial’ but controlled.
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