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Shloka 18

अयोध्यावर्णनम्

Description of Ayodhya under Daśaratha

वर्णेष्वग्र्यचतुर्थेषु देवतातिथिपूजका:।कृतज्ञाश्च वदान्याश्च शूरा विक्रमसंयुता: ।।1.6.17।। दीर्घायुषो नरास्सर्वे धर्मं सत्यं च संश्रिता: ।सहिता: पुत्रपौत्रैश्च नित्यं स्त्रीभि: पुरोत्तमे ।।1.6.18।।

dīrghāyuṣo narāḥ sarve dharmaṁ satyaṁ ca saṁśritāḥ |

sahitāḥ putrapautraiś ca nityaṁ strībhiḥ purottame ||1.6.18||

सब पुरुष दीर्घायु थे और धर्म तथा सत्य का आश्रय लिए हुए थे। उस उत्तम नगर में वे पुत्र-पौत्रों और स्त्रियों सहित सदा एक साथ रहते थे॥

dīrghāyuṣaḥlong-lived
dīrghāyuṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootdīrgha + āyus (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; bahuvrīhi (दीर्घम् आयुः येषाम्)
narāḥmen
narāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana
sarveall
sarve:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; viśeṣaṇa of narāḥ
dharmamrighteousness
dharmam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative/द्वितीया) Ekavacana
satyamtruth
satyam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootsatya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta
saṃśritāḥhaving resorted to / devoted to
saṃśritāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootsaṃśrita (saṃ+√śri धातु, क्त)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; kta (PPP) used predicatively ‘having resorted to’; agrees with narāḥ
sahitāḥaccompanied
sahitāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootsahita (प्रातिपदिक; √sah धातु, क्त)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; kta (PPP) ‘accompanied’
putra-pautraiḥwith sons and grandsons
putra-pautraiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक/Accompaniment)
TypeNoun
Rootputra + pautra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā Bahuvacana; dvandva ‘sons and grandsons’; saha-artha instrumental
caand
ca:
Sambandha (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta
nityamalways
nityam:
Kāla (काल/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक used adverbially)
FormKriyā-viśeṣaṇa-avyaya (adverbial accusative)
strībhiḥwith wives/women
strībhiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक/Accompaniment)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Tṛtīyā Bahuvacana
purottamein the best of cities
purottame:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootpura + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Saptamī Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa ‘best city’; adhikaraṇa

There in Ayodhya the best of cities, the first of the four castes (brahmins) used to worship gods and guests. They had the sense of gratitude. They were munificient, heroic and possessed prowess. They lived long. They were righteous and truthful. And they lived together with their sons, grandsons and wives.

A
Ayodhyā

FAQs

Dharma and satya sustain both personal well-being (long life) and social well-being (stable family and community life).

The description culminates in the citizens’ adherence to dharma and truth, and their settled household life in Ayodhyā.

Truthfulness (satya) as a lived social value, expressed through stability and harmony.