Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 83, Shloka 4

अयोध्याकाण्डे त्र्यशीति तमः सर्गः — Bharata’s Departure and Encampment on the Gaṅgā

Śṛṅgīberapura

Devanagari script

षष्टी रथसहस्राणि धन्विनो विविधायुधाः।अन्वयुर्भरतं यान्तं राजपुत्रं यशस्विनम्।।2.83.4।।

Transliteration

ṣaṣṭī rathasahasrāṇi dhanvino vividhāyudhāḥ |

anvayur bharataṃ yāntaṃ rājaputraṃ yaśasvinam || 2.83.4 ||

Translation

धनुर्धर और विविध आयुधों से सुसज्जित साठ हज़ार रथ, यशस्वी राजपुत्र भरत के जाते हुए उनके पीछे-पीछे चले।

Word by Word

• ṣaṣṭiḥ: sixty
• ṣaṣṭiḥ: Saṅkhyā (संख्या/परिमाण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṣaṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine numeral noun, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); used as quantifier of rathasahasrāṇi

• ratha: chariot
• ratha: Viśeṣya (विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine stem used as compound-member (समासाङ्ग)

• sahasrāṇi: thousands
• sahasrāṇi: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sahasra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); in tatpuruṣa ratha-sahasrāṇi = 'thousands of chariots'

• dhanvinaḥ: archers
• dhanvinaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhanvin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vividhāyudhāḥ: men with various weapons
• vividhāyudhāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vividha (प्रातिपदिक) + āyudha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); karmadhāraya: 'having various weapons'

• anvayuḥ: followed
• anvayuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu + i (इ धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्, aorist), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural

• bharatam: Bharata
• bharatam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular

• yāntam: going
• yāntam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yā (या धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
• Form: Present active participle, Masculine, Accusative, Singular; qualifies bharatam

• rājaputram: prince
• rājaputram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; tatpuruṣa: 'king's son'

• yaśasvinam: illustrious
• yaśasvinam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yaśasvin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; qualifies bharatam/rājaputram

Context

Sixty thousands chariots and many archers holding weapons of every kind followed the illustrious prince Bharata as he went.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• chariots
• archers

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Protective kingship: the organized military accompaniment reflects the dharmic duty to safeguard the prince and maintain public order during a sensitive succession crisis.

What is the narrative situation?

The poem enumerates the military scale accompanying Bharata on his journey to Rāma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s recognized stature (yaśas) and the kingdom’s disciplined loyalty expressed through orderly support.