Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 52, Shloka 36

गङ्गातरणम्, सुमन्त्र-प्रतिनिवर्तनम्, जटाधारणम्

Crossing the Gaṅgā; Sumantra’s Return; Adoption of Ascetic Signs

Devanagari script

तातस्य प्रियकामेन यौवराज्यमपेक्षता।लोकयोरुभयोः शक्यं त्वया यत्सुखमेधितुम्।।2.52.36।।

Transliteration

tātasya priyakāmena yauvarājyam apekṣatā |

lokayor ubhayoḥ śakyaṃ tvayā yat sukham edhitum || 2.52.36 ||

Translation

पिता की प्रिय इच्छा से युवराज्य उसकी प्रतीक्षा कर रहा है; तुम अपने आचरण से ऐसा करो कि हमारे पिता दोनों लोकों में कल्याण और सुख प्राप्त करें।

Word by Word

• निवर्त्यमानः: being turned back
• निवर्त्यमानः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ni + vṛt (धातु)
• Form: शानच्-प्रत्यय (Present passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'being sent back/being made to return'

• रामेण: by Rama
• रामेण: Kartr-karana (कर्तृकरण/Agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सुमन्त्रः: Sumantra
• सुमन्त्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sumantra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शोककर्शितः: afflicted by grief
• शोककर्शितः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śoka + karśita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) 'afflicted'; तृतीया-तत्पुरुषार्थे ('afflicted by grief')

• तत्: that
• तत्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (of सर्वम्/वचनम्)

• सर्वम्: all
• सर्वम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• वचनम्: speech, words
• वचनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव

• स्नेहात्: out of affection
• स्नेहात्: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sneha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन

• काकुत्स्थम्: Kakutstha (Rama)
• काकुत्स्थम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kākutstha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अब्रवीत्: said
• अब्रवीत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

Context

Prince-regency is awaiting you because of our father's loving desire. See that through you (your actions) he is able to attain happiness in both the worlds.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Bharata (contextually)
• Sumantra

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma links worldly governance with spiritual welfare: righteous conduct toward one’s father-king brings honor here and merit beyond, supporting ‘both worlds’ (ihaloka and paraloka).

What is the narrative situation?

Rama frames Bharata’s acceptance of duty as something that can relieve Dasharatha’s distress and secure his welfare.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Responsibility and service: placing the father’s peace and moral standing above personal ambition or resentment.