Shloka 2

Puṣkara Sacrifice: Gāyatrī’s Marriage, Sāvitrī’s Wrath, Rudra’s Test, and the Tīrtha-Māhātmya

Devanagari script

गायत्र्या किं कृतं तत्र पत्नीत्वे स्थितया तया । आभीरैः किं सुवृत्तज्ञैर्ज्ञात्वा तैश्च कृतं मुने

Transliteration

gāyatryā kiṃ kṛtaṃ tatra patnītve sthitayā tayā | ābhīraiḥ kiṃ suvṛttajñairjñātvā taiśca kṛtaṃ mune

Translation

वहाँ पत्नी-भाव में स्थित गायत्री ने क्या किया? और हे मुने! उचित आचरण जानने वाले आभीरोंने यह जानकर क्या किया?

Word by Word

• गायत्र्या: by Gāyatrī
• गायत्र्या: Karana (Agent-in-passive/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गायत्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन

• किम्: what
• किम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक

• कृतम्: was done
• कृतम्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; कर्मणि: “was done”

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक

• पत्नी-त्वे: in the role of a wife
• पत्नी-त्वे: Adhikarana (State/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पत्नी (प्रातिपदिक) + त्व (तद्धित)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; भाववाचक तद्धित (state/condition): “in the status of wifehood”

• स्थितया: being situated
• स्थितया: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; विशेषण; “being situated/remaining”

• तया: by her
• तया: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (refers to Gāyatrī)

• आभीरैः: by the Ābhīras (cowherds)
• आभीरैः: Karana (Agent-in-passive/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आभीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन

• किम्: what
• किम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक

• सु-वृत्त-ज्ञैः: knowing good conduct
• सु-वृत्त-ज्ञैः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु (अव्यय/पूर्वपद) + वृत्त (प्रातिपदिक) + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; विशेषण; सुवृत्तं जानन्ति = “knowers of good conduct”

• ज्ञात्वा: having known
• ज्ञात्वा: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु) + त्वा (अव्ययकृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वा/त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund); “having known”

• तैः: by them
• तैः: Karana (Agent-in-passive/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम (refers to Ābhīras)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• कृतम्: was done
• कृतम्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; कर्मणि: “was done”

• मुने: O sage
• मुने: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th), एकवचन

Speaker

Unspecified questioner addressing a sage (mune)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shringara

Geographic Context

Type: tirtha

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: सुवृत्तज्ञैः = सु + वृत्त + ज्ञैः (समास). तैश्च = तैः + च.

Characters & Entities

• Gāyatrī
• Ābhīras

FAQs

Who is being asked about in this verse?

The verse asks about Gāyatrī’s actions after she attained the role of a wife, and about the actions of the Ābhīras after they learned what had happened.

What ethical theme is implied by the phrase 'suvṛttajñaiḥ'?

It highlights concern for dharmic propriety—people who “know good conduct” respond after understanding the situation, implying moral evaluation and appropriate action.

Does this verse itself state what Gāyatrī or the Ābhīras actually did?

No. This śloka is framed as a question to the sage; the narrative answer is expected in the surrounding verses.