Shloka 14

Āśauca, Daśāha Piṇḍa-Rites, Vṛṣotsarga, Sāpiṇḍīkaraṇa, and the Yama-mārga

Path to Yama

अत्र स्नाहि पिबात्रेति मन्त्रेणानेन काश्यप / काष्ठत्रये गुणैर्बद्धे प्रीत्यै रात्रौ चतुष्पथे

atra snāhi pibātreti mantreṇānena kāśyapa / kāṣṭhatraye guṇairbaddhe prītyai rātrau catuṣpathe

“यहाँ स्नान करो, यहाँ पियो”—इस मंत्र से, हे काश्यप, रात्रि में चौराहे पर, रस्सियों से बँधे तीन काष्ठों के साथ, प्रीत्यर्थ (शांति हेतु) अर्पण किया जाए।

atrahere
atra:
Adverbial (Deśa/देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of place)
snāhibathe
snāhi:
Kriyā (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootsnā (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
pibadrink
piba:
Kriyā (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootpā (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
atrahere
atra:
Adverbial (Deśa/देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक (here)
itithus
iti:
Discourse marker
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उद्धरण/इति-चिह्न (quotative particle)
mantreṇaby the mantra
mantreṇa:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmantra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन
anenawith this
anena:
Visheshana (Adjectival/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootidam (प्रातिपदिक-सर्वनाम)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (मन्त्रेण)
kāśyapaO Kāśyapa
kāśyapa:
Address (Sambodhana/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootkāśyapa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन
kāṣṭha-trayein/at the set of three pieces of wood
kāṣṭha-traye:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkāṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक) + traya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः ‘त्रीणि काष्ठानि’
guṇaiḥwith cords/strings
guṇaiḥ:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), बहुवचन
baddhetied/bound
baddhe:
Visheshana (Adjectival/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbandh (धातु) → baddha (कृदन्त-क्त)
Formकृदन्त (क्त/PPP) विशेषण; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘(काष्ठत्रये) बद्धे’
prītyaifor (their) satisfaction/pleasure
prītyai:
Sampradana (Purpose/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootprīti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन; प्रयोजनार्थे (for the sake of)
rātrauat night
rātrau:
Adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootrātri (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन
caand
ca:
Connector (Samuccaya/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक
catuṣ-patheat the crossroads
catuṣ-pathe:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootcatuṣ (प्रातिपदिक) + patha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—चतुष्पथ (चत्वारः पथाः यस्मिन्/चतुष्कोण-मार्गसन्धिः)

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda; addressing Kāśyapa within the verse’s phrasing)

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Night; performed at a four-way crossroads as a śānti/appeasement adjunct during transitional impurity/rites.

Concept: Mantra-guided appeasement rites at liminal spaces mitigate unseen disturbances and restore household order.

Vedantic Theme: Acknowledging subtle forces within prakṛti while maintaining sattvic discipline; ritual as harmonization rather than fear.

Application: If prescribed by tradition, perform bhūta-śānti offerings with correct mantra, time (night), place (crossroads), and materials (bound wood triad), under guidance.

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: liminal public junction

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: bhūta-preta śānti and transitional rites around death/impurity (contextual parallel)

K
Kashyapa

FAQs

This verse indicates a prescribed ritual location— the four-way crossing—used at night with a specific mantra to propitiate and satisfy subtle beings connected with preta-related rites.

It presents a practical ritual instruction: reciting “atra snāhi, piba atra” while arranging a bound set of wooden pieces, suggesting a structured method to offer symbolic bathing and drinking for appeasement during the preta phase.

It emphasizes disciplined, mantra-guided ritual action and the ethic of completing prescribed rites carefully—supporting responsibility toward ancestral and transitional after-death obligations.