Shloka 29
Vasiṣṭha-gamana
Vasiṣṭha’s Departure / The Episode of Sagara
Devanagari script
तं दृष्ट्वा राजवर्यं सकलरिपुकुलप्रक्षयोपात्तदीक्षं भीताः स्त्रीबालपूर्वं शरणमभिययुः स्वासुसरक्षणाय / इक्ष्वाकूणां वसिष्ठं कुलगुरुमभितः सप्त राज्ञां कलेषु प्रख्याताः संप्रसूता नृपवररिपवः पारदाः पल्हवाद्याः
Transliteration
taṃ dṛṣṭvā rājavaryaṃ sakalaripukulaprakṣayopāttadīkṣaṃ bhītāḥ strībālapūrvaṃ śaraṇamabhiyayuḥ svāsusarakṣaṇāya / ikṣvākūṇāṃ vasiṣṭhaṃ kulagurumabhitaḥ sapta rājñāṃ kaleṣu prakhyātāḥ saṃprasūtā nṛpavararipavaḥ pāradāḥ palhavādyāḥ
Translation
समस्त शत्रु कुल के नाश की दीक्षा लिए उस श्रेष्ठ राजा को देखकर, भयभीत पारद और पल्हव आदि ने अपने प्राणों की रक्षा के लिए स्त्रियों और बच्चों को आगे कर इक्ष्वाकु कुल के गुरु वसिष्ठ की शरण ली।
Word by Word
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), ‘having seen’
rāja-varyamthe best of kings
rāja-varyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक) + varya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular; कर्मधारय: ‘excellent king’
sakala-ripu-kula-prakṣaya-upātta-dīkṣamwho had taken a vow to destroy all enemy clans
sakala-ripu-kula-prakṣaya-upātta-dīkṣam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsakala + ripu + kula + prakṣaya + upātta (√dā-धातु क्त) + dīkṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular; multi-member तत्पुरुष: ‘one who has undertaken (upātta) the vow (dīkṣā) for the destruction (prakṣaya) of all (sakala) enemy clans (ripu-kula)’
bhītāḥafraid
bhītāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhīta (भि-धातु क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
strī-bāla-pūrvamwith women and children foremost
strī-bāla-pūrvam:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक) + bāla (प्रातिपदिक) + pūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyayībhāva used adverbially: ‘with women and children in front/first’
śaraṇamrefuge
śaraṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; goal of motion
abhiyayuḥthey went/approached
abhiyayuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-√yā (धातु)
FormLuṅ (लुङ्, Aorist), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural
svāsu-sarakṣaṇāyafor their own protection
svāsu-sarakṣaṇāya:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootsvāsu (sva + asu? intended svāsu = svāsu ‘their own’) + sa-rakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; purpose: ‘for protection (rakṣaṇa) of their own (svāsu)’; text form suggests svāsu-sarakṣaṇāya = svāsu + sa-rakṣaṇāya
ikṣvākūṇāmof the Ikṣvākus
ikṣvākūṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootikṣvāku (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
vasiṣṭhamVasiṣṭha
vasiṣṭham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvasiṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
kula-gurumthe family priest/preceptor
kula-gurum:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkula (प्रातिपदिक) + guru (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘family preceptor’
abhitaḥaround, near
abhitaḥ:
Deśa (देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootabhitas (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb/preposition meaning ‘around/near’
saptaseven
sapta:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral adjective; indeclinable-like; qualifies rājñām
rājñāmof kings
rājñām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
kaleṣuin times/occasions
kaleṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural; context: ‘in times/occasions’
prakhyātāḥwell-known
prakhyātāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra-√khyā (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
saṃprasūtāḥarisen, produced
saṃprasūtāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-pra-√sū (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; ‘born/produced, arisen’
nṛpa-vara-ripavaḥenemies of the excellent king
nṛpa-vara-ripavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक) + vara (प्रातिपदिक) + ripu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; तत्पुरुष: ‘enemies (ripu) of the best king (nṛpa-vara)’
pāradāḥthe Pāradas
pāradāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpārada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
palhava-ādyāḥthe Pahlavas and others
palhava-ādyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpalhava (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; ādi-tatpurusha: ‘Pahlavas and others’