Adhyakshaprachara Adhyaya 32 Sutra 4 - Arthashastra | Hindi | Vedapath

Kautilya

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Sutra 4

Devanagari script

साम्नाह्यः सप्तक्रियापथ उपस्थानं संवर्तनं सम्यानं वधावधो हस्तियुद्धं नागरायणं सांग्रामिकं च ॥ कZ_०२.३२.०४ ॥

Transliteration

sāmnāhyaḥ saptakriyāpatha upasthānaṃ saṃvartanaṃ samyānaṃ vadhāvadho hastiyuddhaṃ nāgarāyaṇaṃ sāṃgrāmikaṃ ca

Translation

साम्नाह्य (युद्ध-सज्ज) के सात क्रियापथ हैं—उपस्थान (पंक्ति/स्थिति लेना), संवर्तन (घुमाव/मोड़), सम्यान (सीध में अग्रसर होना), वधावध (प्रहार और प्रत्याघात), हस्तियुद्ध (हाथियों का युद्ध), नागरायण (नागरायण व्यूह/चाल), और सांग्रामिक (पूर्ण युद्ध-तैनाती)।

Word by Word

साम्नाह्यःthe ‘sāmnāhya’ (so-called) maneuvers/operations

सप्तseven

क्रियापथःa course/mode of action (maneuver)

उपस्थानम्approaching / taking position near (the opponent)

संवर्तनम्turning about / wheeling (a maneuver)

सम्यानम्advancing/going in formation (a coordinated movement)

वधkilling / striking down

अवधःnon-killing / preventing a kill (counter-maneuver)

हस्तियुद्धम्elephant-fighting / elephant warfare

नागरायणम्the ‘nāgarāyaṇa’ type (a named method/formation) of elephant warfare

सांग्रामिकम्martial / pertaining to battle

चand

Entities Mentioned

battle elephants

military units (implied)

FAQs

What governance idea is embedded in enumerating 'seven operational courses'?

Doctrine standardization: training and evaluation become measurable when maneuvers are enumerated as discrete competencies.