Rig Veda 7.19.6: Mandala 7, Sukta 19, Mantra 6

Sukta 7.19

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सना ता त इन्द्र भोजनानि रातहव्याय दाशुषे सुदासे । वृष्णे ते हरी वृषणा युनज्मि व्यन्तु ब्रह्माणि पुरुशाक वाजम् ॥

Transliteration

sanā́ tā́ ta indra bhójanāni rātáhavyāya dāśúṣe sudā́se | vṛ́ṣṇe te hárī vṛ́ṣaṇā yunajmi vyántu bráhmāṇi puruśā́ka vā́jam ||

Translation

હે ઇન્દ્ર! પ્રાચીન કાળથી તે ભોજનો/આનંદો તારા છે—સ્વીકાર્ય હવિ અર્પણ કરનાર સુદાસ દાતાને માટે. હે વૃષ્ણ! તારા બે બળવાન હરિઓને હું જોડું છું; હે પુરુશાક! મંત્રો વિસ્તરે અને અમારે માટે બળની સમૃદ્ધિ—વાજ—જીતે.

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Word by Word

• सना: from of old; ever
• सना: Adhikaraṇa (kāla) / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सना (avyaya-prātipadika) < PIE *sen- ‘old’

• ताः: those (things)
• ताः: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• ते: your; of you
• ते: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (prātipadika)

• भोजनानि: bounties; gifts; provisions
• भोजनानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भोजन (prātipadika) < √भुज्/√भुज् ‘to enjoy, partake’ (nominal) / ‘nourishment, bounty’

• रातहव्याय: to the one whose oblation is given (i.e., to the giver of offerings / to whom offerings are presented)
• रातहव्याय: Sampradāna (recipient) / उद्देश्य
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: रात-हव्य (tatpuruṣa prātipadika) = रात ‘given’ (PPP of √रा ‘to give’) + हव्य ‘oblation, offering’

• दाशुषे: to the worshipper; to the giver (offerer)
• दाशुषे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun/Adjective (participle used substantively)
• Root: दाशुष् (perfect participial stem) < √दाश्/√दश् ‘to worship, offer, give’

• सुदासे: to Sudās
• सुदासे: Sampradāna
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: सुदास (proper name prātipadika)

• वृष्णे: to the Bull (the strong one)
• वृष्णे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वृषन् (prātipadika) ‘bull, strong one’

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• हरी: the two bay steeds
• हरी: Karma
• Type: Noun (dual)
• Root: हरि (prātipadika)

• वृषणा: two vigorous (stallion-like)
• वृषणा: Karma (viśeṣaṇa of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृषण (prātipadika) ‘stallion, vigorous one’

• युनज्मि: I yoke
• युनज्मि: Kriyā (with implicit kartā ‘I’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √युज् (युजँ) ‘to yoke, join’

• व्यन्तु: let (them) drive forth / spread out
• व्यन्तु: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √व्या/√वी (व्या- ‘to blow, drive apart’ in Vedic usage) / or √व्यन् ‘to move, spread’ (Vedic) — form vy-antu

• ब्रह्माणि: the hymns; sacred utterances
• ब्रह्माणि: Kartā (of व्यन्तु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (prātipadika) ‘sacred formulation, hymn’

• पुरुशाक: much-powerful; of many strengths
• पुरुशाक: Karma (viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरु-शाक (bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa prātipadika) ‘much-mighty / able in many ways’ (epithet)

• वाजम्: the prize; strength; winning booty
• वाजम्: Karma (object of व्यन्तु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (prātipadika) ‘prize, strength, (victory-)booty’