Vana Parva Adhyaya 316 Shloka 88 - Mahabharata | Gujarati | Vedapath

Vyasa

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Shloka 88

Devanagari script

युधिछिर उवाच तप: स्वधर्मवर्तित्वं मनसो दमनं दम: । क्षमा द्न्द्सहिष्णुत्वं ह्वीरकार्यनिवर्तनम्‌

Transliteration

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | tapaḥ svadharmavartitvaṃ manaso damanaṃ damaḥ | kṣamā dvandvasahiṣṇutvaṃ hrīr akāryanivartanam ||

Translation

યુધિષ્ઠિરે કહ્યું— સ્વધર્મમાં અડગ રહેવું તપ છે; મનનું દમન એ જ દમ છે; શીત-ઉષ્ણ વગેરે દ્વંદ્વોને સહન કરવું ક્ષમા છે; અને અકાર્યથી દૂર રહેવું હ્રી (લજ્જા) છે॥

Word by Word

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira

उवाचsaid

तपःausterity

स्वधर्मवर्तित्वम्abiding in one’s own duty

मनसःof the mind

दमनम्restraint

दमःself-control

क्षमाforbearance

द्वन्द्वसहिष्णुत्वम्endurance of pairs of opposites

ह्रीःmodesty/shame

अकार्यनिवर्तनम्turning back from what should not be done

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

Yudhiṣṭhira

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse defines key virtues in practical terms: tapas is fidelity to one’s own dharma, dama is restraint of the mind, kṣamā is endurance of life’s dualities, and hrī is refraining from improper deeds.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Vana Parva’s didactic setting, Yudhiṣṭhira articulates ethical definitions—clarifying how inner discipline and moral restraint should be understood and practiced.