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Shloka 7

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 69: Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Reverential Address to Sañjaya on Vāsudeva

नित्य, अक्षय, अविनाशी एवं परम भगवद्धामका नाम पुण्डरीक है। उसमें स्थित होकर जो अक्षतभावसे विराजते हैं, वे भगवान्‌ 'पुण्डरीकाक्ष' कहलाते हैं। (अथवा पुण्डरीक-- कमलके समान उनके अक्षि--नेत्र हैं, इसलिये उनका नाम पुण्डरीकाक्ष है)। दस्युजनोंको त्रास (अर्दन या पीड़ा) देनेके कारण उनको “जनार्दन” कहते हैं ।। यतः सत्त्वान्न च्यवते यच्च सत्त्वान्न हीयते । सत्त्वतः सात्वतस्तस्मादार्षभाद्‌ वृषभेक्षण:

yato hi sattvān na cyavate yac ca sattvān na hīyate | sattvataḥ sātvatas tasmād ārṣabhād vṛṣabhekṣaṇaḥ ||

સંજય બોલ્યો—તે સત્ત્વ (સદ્‌ગુણ)માંથી કદી ચ્યૂત થતા નથી અને તેમનું સત્ત્વ કદી ઘટતું નથી; તેથી તેઓ ‘સાત્વત’ કહેવાય છે. અને ધર્મીઓમાં તેઓ શ્રેષ્ઠ—જેમ ગૌસમૂહમાં વૃષભ—હોવાને કારણે તેઓ ‘વૃષભેક્ષણ’ (વૃષભ-નેત્ર) તરીકે પણ પ્રસિદ્ધ છે.

यतःbecause/wherefrom (since)
यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस्
सत्त्वात्from (his) true being/existence
सत्त्वात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
च्यवतेdeviates/falls away
च्यवते:
TypeVerb
Rootच्यु
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
यत्and that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सत्त्वात्from (his) true being/existence
सत्त्वात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हीयतेdiminishes/declines
हीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
सत्त्वतःin respect of (his) being/essence
सत्त्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसत्त्व
सात्वतःtherefore (he is) a Sātvata (of the Sātvatas/Vṛṣṇis)
सात्वतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसात्वत
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
आर्षभात्from (being) the best/bull-like (pre-eminent one)
आर्षभात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootआर्षभ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
वृषभेक्षणःthe bull-eyed one (he whose gaze/eyes are like a bull’s)
वृषभेक्षणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभेक्षण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sātvata (epithet)
V
Vṛṣabhekṣaṇa (epithet)

Educational Q&A

Moral excellence is defined by steadiness: true goodness (sattva) is not merely possessed but maintained without decline. The verse presents unwavering sattva as the ground for honorific names and as a model of righteous leadership.

Sañjaya is explaining the significance of revered epithets, grounding them in character: the one being praised is called Sātvata and Vṛṣabhekṣaṇa because he never deviates from sattva and stands foremost among the virtuous.