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Shloka 19

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Brahmacarya and the Formless Brahman

Udyoga Parva 44

न कर्मणा सुकृतेनैव राजन्‌ सत्यं जयेज्जुहुयाद्‌ वा यजेद्‌ वा । नैतेन बालोअमृत्युम भ्येति राजन्‌ रतिं चासौ न लभत्यन्तकाले,राजन! (निष्कामभावके बिना किये हुए) केवल पुण्यकर्मके द्वारा सत्यस्वरूप ब्रह्मको नहीं जीता जा सकता। अथवा जो हवन या यज्ञ किया जाता है, उससे भी अज्ञानी पुरुष अमरत्व--मुक्तिको नहीं पा सकता तथा अन्तकालनमें उसे शान्ति भी नहीं मिलती

na karmaṇā sukṛtenaiva rājan satyaṃ jayed juhuyād vā yajed vā | na etena bālo 'mṛtyum abhyeti rājan ratiṃ cāsau na labhaty antakāle rājan ||

રાજન! માત્ર સુકૃત કર્મથી જ સત્યસ્વરૂપ બ્રહ્મને જીતવું શક્ય નથી. કોઈ હવન કરે કે યજ્ઞ કરે—એટલાથી જ અજ્ઞાની પુરુષ અમરત્વ પામતો નથી; અને અંતકાળે તેને શાંતિ પણ મળતી નથી.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कर्मणाby action/deed
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
सुकृतेनby meritorious deed
सुकृतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसुकृत
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
एवonly/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
सत्यम्the Truth (Brahman)
सत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
जयेत्would conquer/attain
जयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formvidhi-lin (optative), non-past (modal), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
जुहुयात्would offer (into fire)
जुहुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहु
Formvidhi-lin (optative), non-past (modal), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
यजेत्would sacrifice/worship
यजेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
Formvidhi-lin (optative), non-past (modal), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतेनby this (means)
एतेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
बालःa childish/ignorant person
बालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाल
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अमृत्युम्deathlessness/immortality
अमृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत्यु
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अभ्येतिattains/approaches
अभ्येति:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-इ
Formlat (present indicative), present, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
रतिम्delight/peace/satisfaction
रतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरति
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
असौhe/that person
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (प्रदर्शक सर्वनाम)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
लभतिobtains
लभति:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
Formlat (present indicative), present, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
अन्तकालेat the final time (at death)
अन्तकाले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तकाल
Formmasculine, locative, singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Educational Q&A

Meritorious deeds and ritual acts (oblations and sacrifices) are not, by themselves, sufficient to realize the ultimate Truth (Brahman) or attain deathlessness (mokṣa). Without true understanding and inner transformation, an ignorant person fails to gain liberation and lacks peace at death.

In the Udyoga Parva, Sanatsujāta instructs King Dhṛtarāṣṭra. The king, troubled by fear and moral uncertainty on the eve of the great conflict, receives a teaching that shifts emphasis from external ritual merit to inner knowledge and freedom from ignorance.