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Shloka 15

Adhyāya 249 — Mṛtyu-prādurbhāvaḥ (The Manifestation of Death) / Restraint of Tejas and Ordered Saṃhāra

संसारसागरगमां योनिपातालदुस्तराम्‌ | आत्मकर्मोद्धवां तात जिद्नावर्ता दुरासदाम्‌

saṃsārasāgaragamāṃ yonipātāladustarām | ātmakarmoddhavāṃ tāta jihvāvartāṃ durāsadām ||

વ્યાસે કહ્યું—પ્રિય! આ સંસાર-પ્રવાહ સંસાર-સાગરમાં મળી જાય છે; તેની ઊંડાઈ યોનિ અને પાતાળ સમાન હોવાથી તેને પાર કરવું અત્યંત કઠિન છે. તે પોતાના જ કર્મોથી ઉત્પન્ન થાય છે; જિહ્વા (રસ-લાલસા) તેનો ભમરો છે અને તેની નજીક જવું પણ જોખમી છે. શુદ્ધ બુદ્ધિ અને આત્મસંયમથી જ મનુષ્ય તેને પાર કરીને સુરક્ષિત કાંઠે પહોંચે છે.

संसारworldly existence
संसार:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंसार
FormMasculine, Nominative/Accusative (in compound base), Singular
सागरocean
सागर:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसागर
FormMasculine, Nominative/Accusative (in compound base), Singular
गमाम्going to / leading to
गमाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगम (गमन)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
योनिwomb; source; origin
योनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि
FormFeminine, Nominative/Accusative (in compound base), Singular
पातालnetherworld
पाताल:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाताल
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (in compound base), Singular
दुस्तराम्hard to cross
दुस्तराम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुस्तर
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मself
आत्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative/Accusative (in compound base), Singular
कर्मaction; deed
कर्म:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (in compound base), Singular
उद्भवाम्arisen from; produced by
उद्भवाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्भव (उद्+भू)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तातdear one; son (voc.)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जिह्नcrooked; oblique
जिह्न:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootजिह्न
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (in compound base), Singular
आवर्ताwhirlpool; eddy
आवर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआवर्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुरासदाम्hard to approach/overcome
दुरासदाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुरासद
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
S
saṃsāra (worldly existence)
S
saṃsāra-sāgara (ocean of saṃsāra)
J
jihvā (tongue) as a metaphorical whirlpool
K
karma (action)

Educational Q&A

Worldly bondage is self-created through one’s own karma and cravings; sense-driven appetite (symbolized by the tongue) becomes a whirlpool that drags one back into saṃsāra. The remedy implied is purification of intellect, restraint, and disciplined living aimed at liberation.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction-oriented setting, Vyāsa addresses a listener affectionately (“tāta”) and teaches through a vivid allegory: saṃsāra is a terrifying river leading into the ocean of continued existence, difficult to cross because of inner forces like craving and habit.