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Shloka 30

Go-dāna-stuti and Ghṛta-Japa

Praise of cow-gift and ghee-centered recitation

इति नृप सतत गवां प्रदाने यवशकलान्‌ सह गोमयै: पिबान: । क्षितितलशयन: शिखी यतात्मा वृष इव राजवृषस्तदा बभूव

iti nṛpa satataṃ gavāṃ pradāne yavaśakalān saha gomayaiḥ pibānaḥ | kṣititalaśayanaḥ śikhī yatātmā vṛṣa iva rājavṛṣas tadā babhūva, nareśvara! |

વૈશંપાયન બોલ્યા—નરેશ્વર! આ રીતે રાજાઓમાં શ્રેષ્ઠ યુધિષ્ઠિર સદા ગોદાનમાં તત્પર રહ્યા; ગોમય સાથે જૌના કણો અલ્પાહારરૂપે લેતા, ધરતી પર શયન કરતા અને મન-ઇન્દ્રિયોને સંયમમાં રાખતા. તેમના મસ્તક પર જટાઓ વધવા લાગી; તે સમયે તેઓ જાણે ધર્મસ્વરૂપ, રાજવૃષભ સમા તેજસ્વી બન્યા.

इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सततम्always, continually
सततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
प्रदानेin (the act of) giving, in donation
प्रदाने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रदान
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
यव-शकलान्barley-grains (lit. barley-pieces)
यव-शकलान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयवशकल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
गोमयैःwith cow-dung
गोमयैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगोमय
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
पिबानःdrinking / consuming
पिबानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पिबति)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षितितल-शयनःone whose bed is the ground (sleeping on the earth)
क्षितितल-शयनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षितितलशयन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शिखीwith a topknot/crest; (here) with matted hair
शिखी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशिखिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यत-आत्माself-controlled
यत-आत्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयतात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृषःa bull
वृषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
राज-वृषःthe bull among kings (best of kings)
राज-वृषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजवृष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
बभूवbecame
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
नर-ईश्वरO lord of men (O king)
नर-ईश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
C
cows (go)
B
barley (yava)
C
cow-dung (gomaya)
E
earth/ground (kṣiti-tala)
D
Dharma (implied by vṛṣa imagery)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights royal dharma expressed through sustained charity (especially go-dāna) and personal austerity: a ruler’s moral authority is strengthened by self-restraint, simplicity, and commitment to giving rather than indulgence.

Vaiśaṃpāyana describes Yudhiṣṭhira’s disciplined way of life during this period: he is continually engaged in donating cows, eats only scant barley (even with cow-dung, emphasizing extreme simplicity), sleeps on the bare ground, grows matted hair, and is portrayed as shining like Dharma—‘a bull among kings.’