Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 103

Daily Duties of Brāhmaṇas: Snāna, Sandhyā, Sūrya-hṛdaya, Japa, Tarpaṇa, and the Pañca-mahāyajñas

यदि स्यात् तर्पणादर्वाक् ब्रह्मयज्ञः कृतो न हि / कृत्वा मनुष्ययज्ञं वै ततः स्वाध्यायमाचरेत्

yadi syāt tarpaṇādarvāk brahmayajñaḥ kṛto na hi / kṛtvā manuṣyayajñaṃ vai tataḥ svādhyāyamācaret

જો તર્પણ પહેલાં બ્રહ્મયજ્ઞ (સ્વાધ્યાય) ખરેખર ન થયો હોય, તો પહેલાં માનુષ્યયજ્ઞ કરીને પછી સ્વાધ્યાય કરવો.

यदिif
यदि:
सम्बन्ध (Condition marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; शर्तसूचक (conditional particle)
स्यात्should be / were to be
स्यात्:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
तर्पणात्from tarpaṇa (libation)
तर्पणात्:
अपादान (Apadana/From)
TypeNoun
Rootतर्पण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन
अर्वाक्before/earlier
अर्वाक्:
सम्बन्ध (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअर्वाक् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देश/कालवाचक (before/below; here: earlier than)
ब्रह्मयज्ञःthe brahma-yajña
ब्रह्मयज्ञः:
कर्ता/विषय (Subject/topic)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः
कृतःdone/performed
कृतः:
कर्तृविशेषण/विधेय (Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत (प्रातिपदिक; कृ धातोः क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; कर्मणि-भावे (done/performed)
not
:
सम्बन्ध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation)
हिindeed/for
हि:
सम्बन्ध (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (for/indeed)
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund); पूर्वक्रिया
मनुष्ययज्ञम्man-sacrifice (hospitality to humans)
मनुष्ययज्ञम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक) + यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: मनुष्याणां यज्ञः
वैindeed
वै:
सम्बन्ध (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निश्चय/अनुनासिक-निपात (emphatic particle)
ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
सम्बन्ध (Sequence marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रम/अनन्तर (thereafter/from that)
स्वाध्यायम्self-study (Vedic recitation)
स्वाध्यायम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वाध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन
आचरेत्should practice/perform
आचरेत्:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चर् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

Sūta (narrator) conveying the Kurma Purana’s dharma-instructions in context

Primary Rasa: shanta

B
Brahma-yajña
M
Manuṣya-yajña
T
Tarpaṇa
S
Svādhyāya

FAQs

Indirectly: it frames svādhyāya (scriptural self-study) as a compulsory means of right knowledge, which in the Purāṇic-śāstric view culminates in understanding the Self and the Lord through śruti/smṛti-based inquiry.

Not aṣṭāṅga-yoga directly; the practice emphasized is svādhyāya—disciplined recitation and study—treated as a daily sādhana that purifies the mind and supports higher contemplation taught elsewhere in the Kurma Purana, including Shaiva-Vaishnava synthesis themes.

This verse is procedural (nitya-karma) rather than theological; it supports the Purana’s broader integrative approach by grounding spiritual realization in shared dharma practices—hospitality, tarpaṇa, and sacred study—common across Shaiva and Vaishnava traditions.