Previous Verse
Next Verse

Srimad Bhagavatam — Panchama Skandha, Shloka 11

Jaḍa Bharata’s Birth, Feigned Madness, and Protection by Goddess Kālī

यदा तु परत आहारं कर्मवेतनत ईहमान: स्वभ्रातृभिरपि केदारकर्मणि निरूपितस्तदपि करोति किन्तु न समं विषमं न्यूनमधिकमिति वेद कणपिण्याकफलीकरणकुल्माषस्थालीपुरीषादीन्यप्यमृतवदभ्यवहरति ॥ ११ ॥

yadā tu parata āhāraṁ karma-vetanata īhamānaḥ sva-bhrātṛbhir api kedāra-karmaṇi nirūpitas tad api karoti kintu na samaṁ viṣamaṁ nyūnam adhikam iti veda kaṇa-piṇyāka-phalī-karaṇa-kulmāṣa-sthālīpurīṣādīny apy amṛtavad abhyavaharati.

જડભરત માત્ર ભોજન માટે જ કામ કરતો. તેથી તેના સાવકા ભાઈઓ તેને ખેતરના કામમાં લગાડતા; પરંતુ સમ‑વિષમ, ઓછું‑વધું એનો ભેદ તેને ખબર ન હતી. તેઓ તૂટેલા ચોખા, તેલખોળ, ભૂસી, કીડા લાગેલા દાણા અને વાસણને ચોંટીને બળેલા અન્નકણ પણ આપતા; છતાં તે તેને અમૃત સમાન આનંદથી સ્વીકારી ખાતો।

yadāwhen
yadā:
Kāla (काल/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā (अव्यय)
FormTemporal adverb (कालवाचक अव्यय)
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), contrast/emphasis
parataḥfrom others
parataḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootparataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAblatival adverb (तसिल्-अर्थ), ‘from/at the hands of others’
āhāramfood
āhāram:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootāhāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
karma-vetanataḥas remuneration for work
karma-vetanataḥ:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkarma + vetana + taḥ (प्रातिपदिक + तसिल्)
FormAblatival adverb (तसिल्-अव्यय) from compound; ‘as wages for work’
īhamānaḥendeavouring/trying
īhamānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootīh (धातु) + śānac (शानच्)
FormPresent participle (शानच्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada sense
sva-bhrātṛbhiḥby his own brothers
sva-bhrātṛbhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Agent-instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootsva + bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक-समाहार)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); ‘by his own brothers’
apieven/also
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) meaning ‘also/even’
kedāra-karmaṇiin farm work (field labor)
kedāra-karmaṇi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Domain)
TypeNoun
Rootkedāra + karman (प्रातिपदिक-समाहार)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); ‘in the field-work’
nirūpitaḥassigned/appointed
nirūpitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootnir-ūp (धातु) + ta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
tatthen/that
tat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormHere used as particle ‘then/that’ (तद्-शब्दस्य अव्ययीभाव)
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात)
karotihe does
karoti:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada
kintubut
kintu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkintu (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (निपात) ‘but/however’
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-निपात)
samamequal
samam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootsama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); used as object of ‘veda’ (knows)
viṣamamunequal
viṣamam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
nyūnamless
nyūnam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootnyūna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
adhikammore
adhikam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootadhika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
itithus
iti:
Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थ-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-निपात) marking reported content
vedahe knows
veda:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्) with ‘veda’ as present-form meaning ‘knows’; 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada
kaṇa-piṇyāka-phalī-karaṇa-kulmāṣa-sthālī-purīṣa-ādīnigrains, oil-cake, fruit-pulp, kulmāṣa (coarse pulse), pot-scrapings, excrement, and the like
kaṇa-piṇyāka-phalī-karaṇa-kulmāṣa-sthālī-purīṣa-ādīni:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootkaṇa + piṇyāka + phalī-karaṇa + kulmāṣa + sthālī + purīṣa + ādi (प्रातिपदिक-समाहार)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); samāhāra-dvandva list-compound; ādi = ‘etc.’
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) ‘even’
amṛta-vatas if nectar
amṛta-vat:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootamṛta + vat (तद्धित)
FormComparative indeclinable with -वत् (वत्-प्रत्यय), adverbial
abhyavaharatihe eats/consumes
abhyavaharati:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-ava-hṛ (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada

The platform of paramahaṁsa is described in Bhagavad-gītā (2.15) : sama-duḥkha-sukhaṁ dhīraṁ so ’mṛtatvāya kalpate. When one is callous to all duality, the happiness and distress of this material world, one is fit for amṛtatva, eternal life. Bharata Mahārāja was determined to finish his business in this material world, and he did not at all care for the world of duality. He was complete in Kṛṣṇa consciousness and was oblivious to good and evil, happiness and distress. As stated in Caitanya-caritāmṛta ( Cc. Antya 4.176):

J
Jaḍa Bharata
B
Bharata Mahārāja
J
Jaḍa Bharata’s brothers

FAQs

This verse shows Jaḍa Bharata’s extraordinary tolerance: he accepts harsh labor and even the most impure food without complaint, remaining indifferent to bodily comfort and social insult.

Considering him dull and incapable, they treated him like a menial worker and assigned him agricultural labor; the narrative highlights his outward “jaḍa” behavior and inward spiritual steadiness.

Do your duty without obsession over praise, fairness, or comfort, and cultivate gratitude and simplicity—training the mind to stay steady even when circumstances are unpleasant.