Previous Verse
Next Verse

Srimad Bhagavatam — Ekadasha Skandha, Shloka 19

Purūravā’s Song of Renunciation and the Glory of Sādhu-saṅga

पित्रो: किं स्वं नु भार्याया: स्वामिनोऽग्ने: श्वगृध्रयो: । किमात्मन: किं सुहृदामिति यो नावसीयते ॥ १९ ॥ तस्मिन् कलेवरेऽमेध्ये तुच्छनिष्ठे विषज्जते । अहो सुभद्रं सुनसं सुस्मितं च मुखं स्‍त्रिय: ॥ २० ॥

pitroḥ kiṁ svaṁ nu bhāryāyāḥ svāmino ’gneḥ śva-gṛdhrayoḥ kim ātmanaḥ kiṁ suhṛdām iti yo nāvasīyate

આ દેહ ખરેખર કોનો છે—માતા-પિતાનો, પત્નીનો, માલિકનો, ચિતાગ્નિનો કે કૂતરા-ગિધડનો? અંદર વસતા આત્માનો કે સુહૃદોનો? નક્કી ન કરી શકતાં છતાં મનુષ્ય આ દેહમાં જ આસક્ત થઈ જાય છે।

पित्रोःof (one’s) parents
पित्रोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), द्विवचन; सम्बन्ध (of the two parents)
किम्what?
किम्:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; प्रश्नार्थक
स्वम्one’s own (property)
स्वम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; स्वत्ववाचक (one’s own property)
नुindeed/then?
नु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्न/अनुनयार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative/emphatic particle)
भार्यायाःof (one’s) wife
भार्यायाः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन
स्वामिनःof the master/owner
स्वामिनः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वामिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन
अग्नेःof fire
अग्नेः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन
श्व-गृध्रयोःof the dog and the vulture
श्व-गृध्रयोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन् (प्रातिपदिक) + गृध्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्व-समास (copulative: dog and vulture); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, द्विवचन
किम्what?
किम्:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रश्नार्थक
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन
किम्what?
किम्:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रश्नार्थक
सुहृदाम्of friends/well-wishers
सुहृदाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), बहुवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
यःwho
यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक (relative pronoun)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
अवसीयतेis ascertained/decided
अवसीयते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअव + सो (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; अव + √सो (to conclude/decide)

The phrase tuccha-niṣṭhe, or “headed toward a lowly destination,” indicates that if buried, the body will be consumed by worms; if burned, it will turn to ashes; and if dying in a lonely place, it will be consumed by dogs and vultures. The illusory potency of Māyā enters within the female form and bewilders a man’s mind. The man is attracted to Māyā appearing within the female form, but when he embraces the woman’s body he ends up with two handfuls of stool, blood, mucus, pus, skin, bone, hairs and flesh. People should not be like cats and dogs, in the ignorance of bodily consciousness. A human being should be enlightened in Kṛṣṇa consciousness and learn to serve the Supreme Lord without falsely trying to exploit His potencies.

U
Uddhava

FAQs

This verse teaches that claims of “mine” are confused—different parties (family, society, elements, and ultimately death) lay claim to what we call ours—so a wise person should detach from false proprietorship.

Krishna instructs Uddhava in renunciation and clear discernment before His departure, urging him to see the body and possessions as temporary and not the self.

Reduce possessiveness: treat relationships and assets as responsibilities, not identity; prioritize spiritual practice and service over anxiety about control and ownership.