Varaha Purana - Adhyaya 56
Varaha PuranaAdhyaya 5616 Shlokas

Adhyaya 56: Ritual Procedure for the Dhanyavrata (Prosperity Vow)

Dhanyavrata-vidhiḥ

Ritual-Manual

Dans le cadre pédagogique purānique où Varāha instruit Pṛthivī, cet adhyāya présente le Dhanyavrata, transmis par la voix d’Agastya. Le texte fixe le commencement à Mārgaśīrṣa, śukla-pakṣa, pratipad, et prescrit une suite rigoureuse : observance nocturne (nakta), culte de Viṣṇu et d’Agni, et correspondance des mantras à Janārdana membre par membre (pieds, ventre, poitrine, bras, tête et sa pénétration universelle). Il faut aussi construire un homa-kuṇḍa et accomplir les oblations au feu avec les mantras donnés. Les règles alimentaires varient selon les mois (mets liés au ghṛta, pāyasa et saktu), et l’ensemble s’achève par un don rituel : une effigie d’or du feu et l’hommage à un brāhmaṇa. Le vœu procure une dhanyatva (prospérité) immédiate, efface les démérites antérieurs et profite aux récitants comme aux auditeurs ; un exemple attribue sa pratique à Kubera (Dhanada) dans un âge antérieur.

Speakers

VarāhaPṛthivīAgastya

Key Concepts

Dhanyavrata (prosperity-producing vow)Nakta-vrata (night-only eating discipline)Viṣṇu–Agni co-worship (Viṣṇum agniṃ prapūjayet)Aṅga-nyāsa style mantra allocation to Janārdana’s limbsHoma-kuṇḍa construction and fire-offering protocolCāturmāsya-linked observance across lunar monthsDāna and brāhmaṇa-pūjā as ritual completionPāpa-dahana (fire as purifier of prior demerit)Śravaṇa–pāṭha merit (benefit of hearing/reciting)
Recitation with translationVaraha Purana Adhyaya 56

Shlokas in Adhyaya 56

Verse 1

अगस्त्य उवाच । अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि धन्यव्रतम् अनुत्तमम् । येन सद्यो भवेद् धन्य अधन्योऽपि हि यो भवेत् ॥ ५६.१ ॥

Agastya dit : «Ensuite, j’exposerai le vœu incomparable nommé Dhanyavrata, par lequel on devient aussitôt “dhanya” (fortuné, béni) ; même celui qui est “adhanya” (infortuné) peut le devenir».

Verse 2

मार्गशीर्षे सिते पक्षे प्रतिपद्यां तिथिर्भवेत् । तस्यां नक्तं प्रकुर्वीत विष्णुमग्निं प्रपूजयेत् ॥ ५६.२ ॥

Au mois de Mārgaśīrṣa, dans la quinzaine claire, lorsque survient le tithi de Pratipadā, ce jour-là on doit observer le ‘naktam’ (jeûner le jour et manger la nuit) et vénérer dûment Viṣṇu et Agni.

Verse 3

वैश्वानराय पादौ तु अग्नयेत्युदरं तथा । हविर्भुञ्जाय च उरो द्रविणोदेति वै भुजौ ॥ ५६.३ ॥

Aux pieds appartient Vaiśvānara ; de même, le ventre est nommé « Agni ». La poitrine est désignée « Havirbhuñj », et, en vérité, les bras sont « Draviṇodeti ».

Verse 4

संवर्त्तायेति च शिरो ज्वलनायेति सर्वतः । अभ्यर्च्यैवं विधानॆन देवदेवं जनार्दनम् ॥ ५६.४ ॥

En récitant les épithètes «Saṃvarttāya» et «Jvalanāya», et en adorant ainsi la tête (de la Divinité) de toutes parts selon le rite prescrit, on doit vénérer Janārdana, le Dieu des dieux.

Verse 5

तस्यैव पुरतः कुण्डं कारयित्वा विघानतः । होमं तत्र प्रकुर्वीत एभिर्मन्त्रैर्विचक्षणः ॥ ५६.५ ॥

Juste devant ce lieu, après avoir fait construire sans obstacle un kuṇḍa (foyer sacrificiel), le pratiquant avisé doit y accomplir le homa (offrande au feu) au moyen de ces mantras.

Verse 6

ततः संयावकं छन्नं भुञ्जीयाद् घृतसंयुतम् । कृष्णपक्षेऽप्येवमेव चातुर्मास्यं तु यावतः ॥ ५६.६ ॥

Ensuite, on doit prendre le saṃyāvaka (mets simple préparé), recouvert (d’une couche) et accompagné de ghṛta (ghee). Durant la quinzaine sombre (kṛṣṇa-pakṣa) également, on suivra la même règle pendant toute l’observance de Cāturmāsya.

Verse 7

चैत्रादिषु च भुञ्जीत पायसं सघृतं बुधः । श्रावणादिषु सक्तूंश्च ततश्चैतत् समाप्यते ॥ ५६.७ ॥

Dans les mois commençant par Caitra, le sage doit prendre du pāyasa (riz au lait sucré) mêlé de ghṛta ; et dans les mois commençant par Śrāvaṇa, (il doit prendre) du saktu (farine de grains grillés). Ensuite, cette observance s’achève.

Verse 8

समाप्ते तु व्रते वह्निं काञ्चनं कारयेद् बुधः । रक्तवस्त्रयुगच्छन्नं रक्तपुष्पानुलेपनम् ॥ ५६.८ ॥

Lorsque le vœu (vrata) est accompli, le savant doit faire réaliser une image d’Agni (le Feu) en or, couverte d’une paire d’étoffes rouges et ointe de fleurs rouges.

Verse 9

कुङ्कुमेन तथा लिप्य ब्राह्मणं देवदेव च । सर्वावयवसम्पूर्णं ब्राह्मणं प्रियदर्शनम् ॥ ५६.९ ॥

De même, après avoir oint de pâte de kunkuma (safran), on doit honorer le brāhmaṇa ainsi que le Dieu des dieux : tous deux parfaits en tous leurs membres ; le brāhmaṇa est agréable à contempler.

Verse 10

पूजयित्वा विधानॆन रक्तवस्त्रयुगेन च । पश्चात् तं दापयेत् तस्य मन्त्रेणानेन बुद्धिमान् ॥ ५६.१० ॥

Après l’avoir adoré selon le rite prescrit, et en offrant aussi une paire de vêtements rouges, ensuite le sage doit faire remettre cette offrande, en employant pour cela ce mantra.

Verse 11

धन्योऽस्मि धन्यकर्मास्मि धन्यचेष्टोऽस्मि धन्यवान् । धन्येनानेन चीर्णेन व्रतेन स्यां सदा सुखी ॥ ५६.११ ॥

«Je suis fortuné ; mes actes sont fortunés ; mes efforts sont fortunés ; je suis béni. Par ce vœu auspicious, dûment accompli, puissé-je être heureux en tout temps.»

Verse 12

एवमुच्चार्य तं विप्रे न्यस्य कोशं महात्मनः । सद्यो धन्यत्वमाप्नोति योऽपि स्याद् भाग्यवर्जितः ॥ ५६.१२ ॥

Ô brāhmaṇa, après avoir récité ainsi et déposé le trésor (ou fonds) pour l’âme magnanime, même celui qui serait privé de bonne fortune obtient aussitôt une prospérité bénie.

Verse 13

इह जन्मनि सौभाग्यं धनं धान्यं च पुष्कलम् । अनेन कृतमात्रेण जायते नात्र संशयः ॥ ५६.१३ ॥

Dans cette vie même naît la bonne fortune—avec la richesse et l’abondance de grains ; par le seul fait d’accomplir cet acte, cela advient, sans aucun doute.

Verse 14

प्राग्जन्मजनितं पापमग्निर्दहति तस्य ह । दग्धे पापे विमुक्तात्मा इह जन्मन्यसौ भवेत् ॥ ५६.१४ ॥

Le feu, en vérité, consume le péché né d’une naissance antérieure. Lorsque ce péché est brûlé, cette personne—l’âme affranchie—devient telle dès cette vie même.

Verse 15

योऽपीदं शृणुयान्नित्यं यश्च भक्त्या पठेद् द्विजः । उभौ ताविह लोके तु धन्यौ सद्यो भविष्यतः ॥ ५६.१५ ॥

Quiconque l’écoute constamment, et le dvija (le « deux-fois-né ») qui le récite avec dévotion—tous deux, en vérité, en ce monde, deviendront promptement bénis et fortunés.

Verse 16

श्रूयते च व्रतं चैतच्चीर्णमासीन्महात्मना । धनदेन पुरा कल्पे शूद्रयोनौ स्थितेन तु ॥ ५६.१६ ॥

On entend aussi, selon la tradition, que ce même vœu (vrata) fut jadis accompli par le noble Dhanada, dans un kalpa antérieur, alors qu’il se trouvait dans une naissance de Śūdra.

Inside Adhyaya 56

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    Within the Varāha–Pṛthivī instructional frame, the chapter introduces a pragmatic, prosperity-oriented vrata (Dhanyavrata) as a teachable regimen, attributed to Agastya’s authoritative transmission and anchored to a precise lunar calendrical start (Mārgaśīrṣa, śukla-pakṣa, pratipad).

  2. Central event

    A stepwise ritual manual unfolds: nakta-discipline (night-only intake), paired worship of Viṣṇu and Agni, a Janārdana limb-by-limb mantra placement (aṅga-nyāsa style mapping from feet through head and all-pervasion), followed by homa-kuṇḍa preparation and fire-offerings with specified mantras, plus month-indexed dietary observances extending across a Cāturmāsya-linked span.

  3. Climax resolution

    The observance culminates in the completion rite (udvāsana/saṃpūrti logic): a concluding dāna featuring a golden fire-image (Agni-pratimā/hiraṇmaya-agni) and formal brāhmaṇa-honoring, sealing the vow’s efficacy and converting disciplined restraint and controlled fire into socially redistributed prosperity.

  4. Closing phalashruti

    The text promises immediate dhanyatva (prosperity/abundance), burning away prior pāpa (demerit), and merit for both reciters and hearers; an exemplum notes Dhanada/Kubera performed it in a prior kalpa (even while in a śūdra birth), underscoring accessibility and wealth-bestowing power.

Geographical context

No explicit toponyms or ecological regions are named in this adhyāya. The setting is primarily ritual-temporal (lunar calendar markers such as Mārgaśīrṣa, śukla/kr̥ṣṇa pakṣa) rather than geographic. Cultural-historical referents include Agastya (a pan-Indic sage figure) and Dhanada/Kubera (wealth-deity associated with northern mythic geography, though no place-name is stated here).

Ritual instructions

  • Primary RitualDhanyavrata (prosperity vow) with nakta-niyama, Viṣṇu–Agni pūjā, aṅga-nyāsa to Janārdana, and homa, concluded by dāna and brāhmaṇa-pūjā.
  • BenefitProduces dhanyatva (prosperity and abundance), purifies prior demerit through disciplined conduct and fire-offering, and yields śravaṇa–pāṭha merit for both performer and audience.

The narrative frame

  • Varāha (primary frame), with Agastya as the transmitting authority for the vrata-procedurePṛthivī · Didactic, procedural, and assurance-giving (manual-like instruction with explicit calendrical and dietary constraints).

The emotional journey

  • Dominant RasaŚānta (ritual composure) with a secondary Śraddhā-bhakti tone oriented to prosperity and purification.
  • Emotional ProgressionFrom instructional clarity and resolve (saṅkalpa) → disciplined restraint (niyama) → intensified sacral focus through nyāsa and homa → relief/assurance via purification claims → satisfaction and social completion through dāna and brāhmaṇa-honoring.

Planning a pilgrimage

  • Visit FeasibilityNot tirtha-specific; the chapter’s practice is home/temple-feasible wherever a safe, permitted homa setting and qualified guidance are available.
  • Best SeasonMārgaśīrṣa (start on śukla pratipad) continuing through the indicated month-cycle; practically, cooler months are often preferred for sustained vrata and homa.
  • Related FestivalMārgaśīrṣa śukla pratipad (vrata start marker); broadly compatible with Viṣṇu-focused observances in Mārgaśīrṣa.

Frequently Asked Questions

The chapter frames ritual discipline as a mechanism for social stability and personal flourishing: regulated consumption (nakta and month-specific foods), structured giving (dāna to a brāhmaṇa), and controlled fire-ritual (homa) are presented as practices that cultivate prosperity (dhanyatva) and reduce prior moral residue (pāpa). In an ecological-ethics framing consistent with Varāha–Pṛthivī discourse, the text implicitly links human restraint, orderly resource use (food rules), and ritualized fire to maintaining terrestrial well-being through regulated conduct rather than extraction or excess.

The vow begins in Mārgaśīrṣa during the śukla-pakṣa on pratipad tithi. The regimen references both śukla and kr̥ṣṇa pakṣa practice (“kr̥ṣṇa-pakṣe ’py evam eva”) and extends through a Cāturmāsya-linked period. It also specifies month-group dietary markers: in Caitra and subsequent months (caitrādiṣu) one eats pāyasa with ghṛta, and in Śrāvaṇa and subsequent months (śrāvaṇādiṣu) one eats saktu; the observance concludes after these prescriptions are completed.

Direct ecological vocabulary is not foregrounded, but an environmental-stewardship reading is supported by the chapter’s emphasis on restraint and regulated consumption (nakta, limited and prescribed foods), the controlled use of fire within a bounded ritual space (kuṇḍa and homa), and the redistribution of wealth/resources via dāna. Within the broader Varāha–Pṛthivī thematic frame, such prescriptions can be interpreted as minimizing disorderly use of resources and reinforcing reciprocal obligations that stabilize human–earth relations.

Agastya is the named speaker transmitting the vrata procedure. The chapter also references Dhanada (Kubera) as an exemplum, stating that he performed this vow in a prior kalpa while situated in a śūdra birth (śūdrayonau), emphasizing the vow’s accessibility and its association with prosperity across social conditions.

Ask anything about Adhyaya 56 of the Varaha Purana

Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.

Not sure where to start?

A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.

Read Varaha Purana in the Vedapath app

Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.

Download on the App StoreGet it on Google Play

Continue reading in the Vedapath app

Open in App
Download on the App StoreGet it on Google Play