HomeVamana PuranaAdh. 13Shloka 39
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Vamana Purana — Structure of Jambudvipa, Shloka 39

The Structure of Jambudvipa: Nine Varshas, Navadvipa Bharata, Mountains, Rivers, and Peoples

माठरोदकधाराश्चज कैकैया दशमास्तथा श्रत्रियाः प्रतिवैश्याश्च वैश्यशूद्रकुलानि च

māṭharodakadhārāścaja kaikaiyā daśamāstathā śratriyāḥ prativaiśyāśca vaiśyaśūdrakulāni ca

«Les Māṭharodakadhāras, les Kaikaiyas et de même les Daśamās ; les Śratriyas, les Prativaiśyas, ainsi que les lignées de Vaiśyas et de Śūdras.»

माठरोदकधाराःMāṭharodakadhāras (a people)
माठरोदकधाराः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमाठर + उदक + धारा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष-समास
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction
also
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootज (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात/particle (textual variant; often = च/also)
कैकैयाःKaikayas
कैकैयाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकैकैय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
दशमाःtenth (group)
दशमाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootदशम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषण (ordinal adjective)
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; adverb ('likewise')
श्रत्रियाःŚratriyas (likely Kṣatriyas)
श्रत्रियाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रत्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; पाठभेद/दुष्पाठ-सम्भावना (likely for क्षत्रियाः)
प्रतिवैश्याःPrativaiśyas (a class/people)
प्रतिवैश्याः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रति + वैश्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction
वैश्यशूद्रकुलानिclans of Vaiśyas and Śūdras
वैश्यशूद्रकुलानि:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य + शूद्र + कुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st)/द्वितीया (2nd) विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (वैश्य-शूद्र) + कुल (सम्बद्ध)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction
Not specified in input (often Pulastya → Nārada framework)
Purāṇic EthnographySocial Taxonomy (varṇa/jāti)Sacred Geography

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bibhatsa", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

The verse reflects a Purāṇic tendency to describe society as a mosaic of lineages and groups; ethically, later readers often take such catalogues as reminders that dharma must be articulated for diverse communities, not only elites.

As with other janapada/varṇa enumerations, it is best treated as cosmographical-ethnographical supplementation within broader narrative material, adjacent to (but not itself) sarga/pratisarga.

By juxtaposing regional peoples (e.g., Kaikaiya) with social group labels (Vaiśya, Śūdra), the text symbolically overlays geography with social order—an attempt to render the inhabited world legible through dharma-inflected categories.