HomeVamana PuranaAdh. 38Shloka 39
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Shloka 39

Jabali Bound by the MonkeyJabali Bound by the Monkey: Nandayanti’s Ordeal and the Yamuna–Hiranyavati Sacred Corridor

संयम्य मां कपिवरः प3यतो ऽमरपर्वतम् यथेच्छया मया दृष्टमेतत् ते गदितं शुभे

saṃyamya māṃ kapivaraḥ pa3yato 'maraparvatam yathecchayā mayā dṛṣṭametat te gaditaṃ śubhe

« Le plus éminent des singes me retint tandis que je contemplais la montagne des Immortels (amara). Ce que j’y ai vu, selon mon désir, je te l’ai déjà rapporté, ô dame de bon augure. »

saṃyamyahaving restrained
saṃyamya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootsaṃ-√yam (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), ‘having restrained/bound’
māmme
mām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
kapi-varaḥthe best of monkeys
kapi-varaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkapi (प्रातिपदिक) + vara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (appositional/श्रेष्ठार्थ): ‘kapīnāṃ varaḥ’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
paśyataḥwhile (he) was looking
paśyataḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Root√paś (धातु)
Formवर्तमान कृदन्त (Present active participle/शतृ) in षष्ठी एकवचन (genitive singular): ‘while (he) was seeing/looking’; used as genitive absolute-like
amara-parvatamthe mountain of the immortals / divine mountain
amara-parvatam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootamara (प्रातिपदिक) + parvata (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष: ‘amarāṇāṃ parvataḥ’/‘amara-sadṛśaḥ parvataḥ’; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
yathā-icchayāas desired; at will
yathā-icchayā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय) + icchā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव: ‘yathā icchā’ = ‘as (one) wishes’; whole compound used adverbially; (form shows तृतीया एकवचन of icchā: icchayā)
mayāby me
mayā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
dṛṣṭamseen
dṛṣṭam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeAdjective
Rootdṛṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √dṛś धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; predicate with etat
etatthis
etat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
teto you
te:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी (4th/Dative) एकवचन (enclitic); ‘to you’
gaditamtold; spoken
gaditam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeAdjective
Rootgadita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √gad धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; predicate: ‘has been told’
śubheO auspicious one
śubhe:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootśubhā/śubha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; (addressing a woman)
A male narrator/character speaking to a female interlocutor (‘śubhe’).
Marvel narrative (adbhuta)Vision of a divine landscapeGuardianship/constraint at sacred sitesDialogue framing (speaker to ‘śubhe’)

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

In Purāṇic narrative diction, ‘kapivara’ can be a generic epithet for a powerful monkey-being rather than a fixed individual. Without surrounding context, it cannot be securely identified as a specific epic figure; it may function as a guardian/attendant preventing unauthorized movement near a sanctified zone.

Literally ‘mountain of the immortals,’ it denotes a celestial or divinely inhabited peak. In tīrtha literature, such a term can either be a poetic label for a known sacred mountain or a way to mark the landscape as superhumanly charged, even if the physical location is terrestrial.

‘Śubhe’ signals a respectful, auspicious address to a woman and frames the passage as a confidential narration. It often indicates that the dialogue is didactic or revelatory, with the listener positioned as worthy to receive the account.