Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 49

Devanagari script

निवार्य प्रमथानीकमतिक्षुब्धमुमाधवः । मदंश एव हि मुनीरानसूये य एष वै

Transliteration

nivārya pramathānīkamatikṣubdhamumādhavaḥ | madaṃśa eva hi munīrānasūye ya eṣa vai

Translation

Réfrénant l’armée des pramathas, violemment agitée, le Seigneur d’Umā déclara : «Ô toi sans faute, ce sage est véritablement une part de ma propre puissance».

Word by Word

• निवार्य: having restrained
• निवार्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + वṛ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund): 'having restrained/checked'

• प्रमथ-अनीकम्: the troop of Pramathas
• प्रमथ-अनीकम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमथ (प्रातिपदिक) + अनीक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (प्रमथानाम् अनीकम्)

• अति-क्षुब्धम्: greatly agitated
• अति-क्षुब्धम्: Karma (Object-Qualifier/कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + क्षुभ् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (अनीकम्); समासः—उपपद-तत्पुरुष (अत्यन्तं क्षुब्धम्)

• उमा-धवः: Śiva (husband of Umā)
• उमा-धवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उमा (प्रातिपदिक) + धव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (उमायाः धवः = 'husband of Umā')

• मद-अंशः: my portion/part
• मद-अंशः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + अंश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (मम अंशः)

• एव: indeed, only
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)

• हि: for
• हि: Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (causal/emphatic particle)

• मुनीः: sages
• मुनीः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन

• अनसूये: O Anasūyā
• अनसूये: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनसूया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• एषः: this (one)
• एषः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; निर्देश-सर्वनाम (demonstrative)

• वै: indeed, surely
• वै: Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (assurance particle)

Speaker

Śiva (Umādhavaḥ)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Primary interlocutors of Kāśīkhaṇḍa frame

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A turbulent crowd of pramathas surges forward, but Śiva (Umādhava) raises a calming hand, declaring the sage to be an aṃśa of his own power; the mob’s fury subsides.

Characters & Entities

• Śiva
• Umā (Pārvatī)
• Pramathas
• Sage (muni)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Even when provoked, divine power upholds restraint and honors sages, who embody sacred potency.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Kāśī indirectly—its sanctity is defended through Śiva’s governance and protection.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; the focus is ethical-dharmic: non-malice and reverence toward ascetics.