Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 16

Devanagari script

उदकस्पर्शिता याच याच पाणिगृहीतका । अग्निं परिगता या च पुनर्भूः प्रसवा च या

Transliteration

udakasparśitā yāca yāca pāṇigṛhītakā | agniṃ parigatā yā ca punarbhūḥ prasavā ca yā

Translation

Il faut aussi éviter la jeune fille pour qui l’on a accompli le rite du contact de l’eau, ou dont la main a été prise rituellement (pāṇigrahaṇa), ou celle qui a fait la circumambulation du feu sacré. De même, la punarbhū (femme retournant au mariage) et celle qui a déjà enfanté.

Word by Word

• उदक: water
• उदक: Samasa-anga (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक; समासपूर्वपद (water)

• स्पर्शिता: touched with water
• स्पर्शिता: Vidhaya (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √स्पृश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (उदक-स्पर्शिता = उदकेन स्पर्शिता); भूतकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• या: who/which (female)
• या: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)

• या: who (female)
• या: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; पुनरुक्त-सर्वनाम

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)

• पाणि: hand
• पाणि: Samasa-anga (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाणि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक; समासपूर्वपद (hand)

• गृहीतका: whose hand has been taken (in marriage)
• गृहीतका: Vidhaya (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √ग्रह् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (पाणि-गृहीतका = पाणिं गृहीता/गृहीतवती); भूतकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• अग्निम्: fire
• अग्निम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (accusative singular)

• परिगता: having gone around/approached
• परिगता: Vidhaya (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि + √गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: उपसर्गपूर्वक भूतकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; (having gone around/approached)

• या: who (female)
• या: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)

• पुनर्भूः: a remarried woman (punarbhū)
• पुनर्भूः: Vidhaya (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुनर्भू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन (feminine nominative singular)

• प्रसवा: one who has borne a child; childbirth
• प्रसवा: Vidhaya (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रसव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन (feminine nominative singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)

• या: who (female)
• या: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

Speaker

Unspecified (narrative legal/dharma instruction within the Dharmāraṇya Khaṇḍa context)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Three ritual vignettes: (1) udaka-sparśa with a water vessel touching the bride’s hand, (2) pāṇigrahaṇa with groom holding bride’s hand before elders, (3) agni-parikrama around sacred fire; the text’s caution implied by a boundary line or elder’s raised hand.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

It teaches that dharma recognizes ritual and social bonds; once marriage-rites are initiated or completed, they should not be violated.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

None is specified; the verse is a dharma injunction rather than a tīrtha-māhātmya passage.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

It mentions udakasparśa (water-touch rite), pāṇigrahaṇa (hand-taking), and agni-parigamana (circumambulation of the sacred fire).