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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 14

कालमान-निर्णयः

Determination of the Measures of Time

इतरेषु ससंध्येषु ससंध्यांशेषु च त्रिषु । एकापायेन वर्तंते सहस्राणि शतानि च

itareṣu sasaṃdhyeṣu sasaṃdhyāṃśeṣu ca triṣu | ekāpāyena vartaṃte sahasrāṇi śatāni ca

Dans les autres périodes de jonction (sandhi) et aussi dans les trois portions de ces jonctions, les milliers et les centaines se déroulent selon une unique décroissance, d’une mesure uniforme.

इतरेषुin the other (ones)
इतरेषु:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन; 'in the other (yugas)'
स-सन्ध्येषुwith their twilights
स-सन्ध्येषु:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत् 'with') + सन्ध्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन; अव्ययीभावः = 'with twilight(s)'
स-सन्ध्या-अंशेषुwith their twilight-portions
स-सन्ध्या-अंशेषु:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस (अव्यय) + सन्ध्या (प्रातिपदिक) + अंश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन; अव्ययीभावः = 'with twilight-portions'
and
:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
त्रिषुin the three
त्रिषु:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन; संख्या-विशेषण (itareṣu—'in the three others')
एक-अपायेनby a reduction of one (unit)
एक-अपायेन:
करण (Karaṇa/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootएक (संख्याप्रातिपदिक) + अपाय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः = 'by one less (reduction)'
वर्तन्तेcontinue/are (so)
वर्तन्ते:
क्रिया (Kriyā/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद; 'they occur/continue'
सहस्राणिthousands
सहस्राणि:
कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
शतानिhundreds
शतानि:
कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
and
:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Cosmic Event: progressive diminution of yuga measures (eka-apāya rule)

S
Shiva

FAQs

It frames cosmic time as orderly and measurable—sandhyās and their parts diminish by a fixed rule—reminding the seeker that worldly epochs change predictably, while liberation is attained by turning to Pati (Shiva), who transcends time.

As time-cycles rise and decline, Saguna worship (Linga, mantra, pūjā) is presented in the Purāṇic tradition as a stable, accessible means to anchor devotion and purify the soul through every age’s conditions.

A practical takeaway is consistent daily sandhyā-aligned Shiva practice—japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with steady discipline—since the verse emphasizes uniform order in time and the value of regularity.