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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 12

कालमान-निर्णयः

Determination of the Measures of Time

पूर्वं कृतयुगं नाम ततस्त्रेता विधीयते । द्वापरं च कलिश्चैव युगान्येतानि कृत्स्नशः

pūrvaṃ kṛtayugaṃ nāma tatastretā vidhīyate | dvāparaṃ ca kaliścaiva yugānyetāni kṛtsnaśaḥ

D’abord vient l’âge nommé Kṛta (Satya-yuga) ; ensuite est institué Tretā. Puis viennent Dvāpara et aussi Kali : tels sont, dans leur totalité, les yuga.

पूर्वम्first/previously
पूर्वम्:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)
कृत-युगम्Kṛta-yuga
कृत-युगम्:
कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकृत (प्रातिपदिक) + युग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (कृतं युगम्)
नामcalled
नाम:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम (अव्यय)
Formनाम-निपात (particle: 'called/named')
ततःthen
ततः:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formक्रम/अपादानार्थक-अव्यय (then/from that)
त्रेताTretā (yuga)
त्रेता:
कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रेता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
विधीयतेis ordained/comes next
विधीयते:
क्रिया (Kriyā/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive), आत्मनेपद; 'is ordained/comes to be'
द्वापरम्Dvāpara (yuga)
द्वापरम्:
कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वापर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन
and
:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
कलिःKali (yuga)
कलिः:
कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकलि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
and
:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
एवindeed
एव:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis)
युगानिyugas
युगानि:
कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
एतानिthese
एतानि:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; युगानि-विशेषण
कृत्स्नशःentirely/altogether
कृत्स्नशः:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृत्स्नशस् (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: wholly/in entirety)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Cosmic Event: yuga-cycle (caturyuga sequence)

FAQs

It frames cosmic time as a dharmic cycle—Kṛta, Tretā, Dvāpara, and Kali—within which the soul (paśu) remains bound by pāśa until liberated by the grace of Pati (Śiva). Knowing the yuga-cycle encourages appropriate sādhanā for one’s era, especially steadiness in devotion and inner discipline.

By defining the changing conditions of each yuga, the text implicitly points to stable refuge in Saguna Śiva—most tangibly the Liṅga—whose worship remains accessible regardless of time’s decline. In Kali-yuga especially, Liṅga-bhakti and remembrance of Śiva are upheld as direct supports for purification.

A practical Kali-yuga takeaway is steady japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with simple Liṅga-pūjā; where possible, wearing rudrākṣa and applying tripuṇḍra (bhasma) as daily reminders of Śiva and impermanence.