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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 31

शैवधर्मप्रशंसा तथा पञ्चविधसाधनविभागः / Praise of Śaiva Dharma and the Fivefold Classification of Practice

त्रयोविंशतितत्त्वेभ्यः प्रकृतिर्हि परा मता । प्रकृतेस्तु परं प्राहुः पुरुषं पञ्चविंशकम्

trayoviṃśatitattvebhyaḥ prakṛtirhi parā matā | prakṛtestu paraṃ prāhuḥ puruṣaṃ pañcaviṃśakam

Au-delà des vingt-trois tattva, Prakṛti est tenue pour supérieure. Et au-delà de Prakṛti, ils proclament le Puruṣa, le vingt-cinquième principe.

trayo-viṃśati-tattvebhyaḥfrom the twenty-three tattvas
trayo-viṃśati-tattvebhyaḥ:
Apādāna (Ablative source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roottrayas + viṃśati + tattva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Pañcamī (Ablative/पञ्चमी) Bahuvacana; द्विगु-समासः ‘from the twenty-three principles’
prakṛtiḥPrakṛti (Nature)
prakṛtiḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootprakṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (particle) causal/emphatic
parāhigher/supreme
parā:
Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; agrees with prakṛtiḥ
matāis considered
matā:
Kriyā (Predicative/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootmata (कृदन्त; √man मन्)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; Past Passive Participle used predicatively (क्त) ‘is considered’
prakṛteḥof Prakṛti
prakṛteḥ:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootprakṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive/षष्ठी) Ekavacana
tubut
tu:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (particle) contrast
paramhigher
param:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā Ekavacana; object-complement with prāhuḥ (they call X as higher)
prāhuḥthey say/call
prāhuḥ:
Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√ah (धातु; अह्)
FormLaṭ (Present/लट्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd) Bahuvacana; parasmaipada
puruṣamPuruṣa (Spirit)
puruṣam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā Ekavacana; object of prāhuḥ
pañca-viṃśakamthe twenty-fifth
pañca-viṃśakam:
Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpañca + viṃśaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā Ekavacana; द्विगु ‘the twenty-fifth’ qualifying puruṣam

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

FAQs

It maps the seeker’s ascent from material evolutes (tattvas) to Prakṛti, and then to the conscious Puruṣa, preparing the Shaiva Siddhanta insight that liberation culminates in turning beyond both toward the Supreme Lord (Pati), Shiva.

Linga-worship trains the mind to recognize the Lord as the transcendent ground of consciousness beyond Prakṛti and Puruṣa; Saguna Shiva is worshipped as the compassionate revealer who guides the soul past tattva-identification toward Shiva-realization.

A practical takeaway is tattva-viveka (discriminative meditation): while japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), contemplate that the body-mind belongs to Prakṛti, the witnessing awareness is Puruṣa, and pray to Shiva (Pati) for release from bondage (pāśa).