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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 18

शैवधर्मप्रशंसा तथा पञ्चविधसाधनविभागः / Praise of Śaiva Dharma and the Fivefold Classification of Practice

तस्माच्छ्रेष्ठमनुष्ठानं योगः पाशुपतो मतः । तत्राप्युपायको युक्तो ब्रह्मणा स तु कथ्यते

tasmācchreṣṭhamanuṣṭhānaṃ yogaḥ pāśupato mataḥ | tatrāpyupāyako yukto brahmaṇā sa tu kathyate

Ainsi, la plus haute observance spirituelle est tenue pour le Yoga Pāśupata. Et même en son sein, le moyen juste (upāya) est véritablement enseigné par Brahmā.

tasmāttherefore
tasmāt:
Apadana (अपादान/hetu sense)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular — ‘therefore/from that’
śreṣṭhambest
śreṣṭham:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular — predicate adjective qualifying anuṣṭhānam
anuṣṭhānamobservance/practice
anuṣṭhānam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootanuṣṭhāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular — ‘practice/observance’
yogaḥ(namely) yoga
yogaḥ:
Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootyoga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular — apposition/explanatory
pāśupataḥPāśupata
pāśupataḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpāśupata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular — qualifying yogaḥ
mataḥis considered
mataḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया/participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootman (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular — ‘is considered/held to be’
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (अव्यय) — ‘there/in that (context)’
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) — ‘also/even’
upāyakaḥa means/expedient
upāyakaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootupāyaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular — ‘means/expedient’
yuktaḥappropriate
yuktaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootyuj (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular — ‘joined/appropriate/fit’ (qualifying upāyakaḥ)
brahmaṇāby Brahmā
brahmaṇā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter stem brahman; here Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular — ‘by Brahmā’
saḥthat (means)
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular — ‘it/he’ (referring to upāyakaḥ)
tuindeed/but
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAdversative/emphatic particle (निपात) — ‘but/indeed’
kathyateis stated
kathyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkath (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; passive sense in usage — ‘is said/told’

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Role: teaching

S
Shiva
B
Brahma

FAQs

It declares Pāśupata Yoga—union with Paśupati (Śiva) through disciplined Shaiva practice—as the supreme observance, and stresses that liberation depends on a correct upāya (method) taught in the tradition, not on mere austerity or theory.

Pāśupata Yoga is typically grounded in Saguna Śiva-upāsanā—approaching Śiva as Paśupati through worship and contemplation—often centered on the Liṅga as the accessible form through which devotion, purity, and meditative steadiness mature toward realization.

The verse points to a structured Shaiva upāya: disciplined yoga supported by Śiva-oriented worship and contemplation; in Shiva Purana practice this commonly aligns with mantra-japa (e.g., Pañcākṣarī/“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”), and Shaiva marks like bhasma (tripuṇḍra) and rudrākṣa as aids to steadiness and remembrance.