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Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 42

त्रिपुरमोहनम्

Tripuramohana — “The Delusion/Enchanting of Tripura”

मुधा जातिविकषोयं लोकेषु परिकल्प्यते । मानुष्ये सति सामान्ये कोऽधर्मः कोऽथ चोत्तमः

mudhā jātivikaṣoyaṃ lokeṣu parikalpyate | mānuṣye sati sāmānye ko'dharmaḥ ko'tha cottamaḥ

Dans les mondes, la notion de « différence de caste » n’est qu’une vaine imagination. Si l’humanité est le fond commun, qu’est-ce vraiment qu’adharma, et qu’appelle-t-on supérieur ?

मुधाvainly, uselessly
मुधा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुधा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
जाति-विकषःcaste-based distinction
जाति-विकषः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootजाति + विकष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (जाति-विकष = ‘distinction/expansion based on caste/kind’)
अयम्this
अयम्:
विशेषण (Determiner)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
लोकेषुin the worlds/among people
लोकेषु:
अधिकरण (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन
परिकल्प्यतेis imagined/constructed
परिकल्प्यते:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + √कॢप् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive)
मानुष्येin humanity / among humans
मानुष्ये:
अधिकरण (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमानुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
सतिwhen/while (it) exists
सति:
अधिकरण (Locative absolute)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक; √अस् (धातु) से)
Formकृदन्त (शतृ/वर्तमान कृदन्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute)
सामान्येin commonness/equality
सामान्ये:
अधिकरण (Locative absolute)
TypeAdjective
Rootसामान्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी के साथ
कःwhat?/who?
कः:
कर्ता/विधेय (Interrogative predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक
अधर्मःunrighteousness
अधर्मः:
विधेय (Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
कःwhat?/who?
कः:
कर्ता/विधेय (Interrogative predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक
अथthen/and
अथ:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनुक्रम/प्रश्न-सम्बन्धक (particle: then/and)
and
:
समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
उत्तमःthe best/superior
उत्तमः:
विधेय (Predicate nominative)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Suta Goswami (narrating the Shiva Purana dialogue to the sages, conveying the teaching within the Yuddha Khaṇḍa context)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga passage; it universalizes ‘mānuṣya-sāmānya’ and critiques jāti-bheda as a mental construction, aligning with the Purāṇic ethic of equal eligibility for Śiva-bhakti.

Significance: Promotes inclusive devotion: access to Śiva’s worship and grace is grounded in bhakti and conduct, not birth—supporting communal harmony in tīrtha settings.

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: nurturing

Offering: pushpa

S
Shiva

FAQs

It challenges pride in birth-based identity and points to a Shaiva vision where the shared reality of being human (and ultimately the soul under Pati, Shiva) is primary; dharma is measured by conduct and God-oriented living, not by social labels.

Linga-worship represents the one Shiva beyond all limiting distinctions; approaching Saguna Shiva with bhakti purifies ego and social pride, making devotion accessible to all who take refuge in Shiva.

Practice japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with a mind free from superiority/inferiority, and offer bhasma/Tripuṇḍra and simple Linga-pūjā as acts of humility and equal reverence toward all beings.