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Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 23

प्रयागे महत्समाजः — शिवदर्शनं दक्षागमनं च

The Great Assembly at Prayāga: Śiva’s Appearance and Dakṣa’s Arrival

वृथा ते ब्रह्मचापल्याच्छप्तोयं दक्ष दुर्मते । वृथोपहसितश्चैवादुष्टो रुद्रो महा प्रभुः

vṛthā te brahmacāpalyācchaptoyaṃ dakṣa durmate | vṛthopahasitaścaivāduṣṭo rudro mahā prabhuḥ

Ô Dakṣa, à l’intelligence dévoyée : par ton arrogance de brahmane et ton orgueil inconstant, ta malédiction est vaine. Vaine aussi est ta moquerie, car Rudra, le Grand Seigneur, n’est nullement mauvais.

vṛthāin vain/fruitlessly
vṛthā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvṛthā (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
teyour
te:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन, द्वितीयार्थेऽपि (context: ‘your’), सर्वनाम
brahma-cāpalyaātfrom (your) brahmanical fickleness/impudence
brahma-cāpalyaāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक) + cāpalya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (ब्रह्मणः चापल्यम्), पञ्चमी (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग
śaptaḥcursed
śaptaḥ:
Karma (कर्म) / Bhāva (भाव)
TypeVerb
Rootśap (धातु)
Formक्त (Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ayamthis (one)
ayam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन, सर्वनाम
dakṣaO Dakṣa
dakṣa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
durmateO evil-minded one
durmate:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdur-mati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (दुष्टा मतिः यस्य), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग
vṛthāin vain
vṛthā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvṛthā (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
upahasitaḥmocked/ridiculed
upahasitaḥ:
Karma (कर्म) / Bhāva (भाव)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-has (धातु)
Formक्त (Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
evaindeed/only
eva:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चय/अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
aduṣṭaḥnot wicked/blameless
aduṣṭaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-duṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (agreeing with rudraḥ)
rudraḥRudra
rudraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrudra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
mahāgreat
mahā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (used adjectivally with prabhuḥ)
prabhuḥlord/master
prabhuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootprabhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Sati (addressing Daksha in the sacrificial assembly)

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Rudra

Significance: Frames the Dakṣa episode as a warning: ritual status without Śiva-bhakti becomes pāśa (bondage) and leads to aparādha; humility is prerequisite for tīrtha/yajña merit.

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: teaching

S
Shiva
R
Rudra
D
Daksha
S
Sati

FAQs

The verse condemns ritual pride and ego (brahma-cāpalyam) and affirms Rudra as aduṣṭa—stainless and beyond moral taint—teaching that true dharma is humility and devotion to Pati (Shiva), not social arrogance.

Daksha’s insult reflects rejection of Saguna Shiva’s worship; Sati asserts that the Lord is faultless, implying that honoring Shiva—often approached through the Linga in the Purana—is superior to ego-driven ritualism and social contempt.

Adopt devotion and humility in worship—chant the Panchakshara mantra (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with inner reverence, and avoid pride in external rites; let offerings (like bhasma and Rudra-japa) be grounded in bhakti rather than display.